Restoration & Recovery Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Restoration & Recovery Plan - Essay ExampleThese directives and orders are part of tenaciousness of Operations (COOP) planning is required for Federal Government Agencies. PDD 63 or the Critical Infrastructure security measures directive and FPC 65 summarize the requirements for COOP entropy system infrastructure and emergency measures. FPC 65 stipulates that national agencies are required to get back into operations within 12 hours from any kind of proceeds collapse. OMB CircularA-130 prescribes continuity of operations planning which includes emergency procedures and policies for immediate operations convalescence and restoration as hale as long-term mitigation of potential services interruption of critical operations (EMC Corporation, 2006).In any kind or emergency, police and emergency services are the most essential. Therefore, the integrity, restoration and recovery of culture systems in these branches of government should be the utmost priority. Florida is one of the states that stick out had to be vigilant regarding these concerns since the 1990s (Mittler, 1995). The Palm brim Sheriffs Office is no exception to these circumstances. Palm Beachs experience with Hurricane Katrina emphasized not only the need to be prepared for the disasters and the essential role that police and emergency services have to play in recovery (Kam & Gomez, 2005). Restoration and Recovery of Information corpses and dataBreakdowns of information systems and data loss are not confine to the event of disasters. Natural disasters may impact systems extremely and can impair critical functions when they are require the most but system attacks, hacking and other related crimes that is becoming the most urgent.Restoration of Information System Operations According to the National Security Agency (NSA), through the Information Assurance Directorate (IAD), information assurance refers to procedures designed to safeguard and secure information and information systems agains t failure, collapse or attacks. Part of this design is the re-establishment of information systems by the development of security, response and resolution competencies into the system (2006). These standards govern feral information systems and have been adopted by industry as well. These measures include providing for restoration of information systems by incorporating protection, detection, and reaction capabilities. habitual sector agencies and departments must comply within the prescribed recovery period and point service levels depending on the significance of their operations and information. They have to take into account considerable quantities of paper and electronic data, data warehousing distribution, necessity for nonstop operations and high data security and integrity measures (EMC Corporation, 2006)Recovery of DataData backup and replication are the underlying concern in restoration and recovery. The primary factors considered are cost, management, reliableness and security Effective back up strategies limit the need to reinstall programs and regenerate data in the events of data loss. However, data loss over a long period of time either by malicious acts or because of inadequate systems is more difficult to salvage and may go unnoticed (Ginty, 2005).

Spatial Disorientation for Pilots Research Paper

spatial Disorientation for Pilots - seek Paper ExampleThree types of spatial disorientation occur in the welkin of aviation. Type I disorientation relates to when the airplane pilots do not sense any unusual occurrence. The pilots tend to be in a state that makes them believe in the normalcy of the aircrafts response to the required inputs. This results from the pilots lack of concentration on the primary escape valve instruments. Lack of concentration can be due to distractions that make the pilot shift attention to another source for a considerable tote up of time. Type II disorientation occurs when the pilot senses the existence of conflicting orientation cues. The pilot becomes unsure of what the flight instruments depict in relation to their personal interpretation, as well as what the out-the-window view signals. Such cases draw close when the pilots shift their attention from the flight instruments for a substantial period, or when they break from a cloud in an unusual p osition. In most of these cases, the pilot gets to control the aircraft or manages to access the help of another pilot. On the other hand, if the pilots fail to control type II spatial disorientation, the problem becomes more risky, trail to an crippling spatial disorientation, or type III spatial disorientation. This involves the awareness of the pilot of the conflicting cues. However, the state of the aircraft confuses the professionals, leading to incorrect adjustments. Making changes to the incorrect actions usually poses great difficulty, which makes recovery impossible in most cases. Research by the U.S. Army Combat Readiness/Safety Center further illustrates the prevalence of accidents caused by these trine types of disorientation. Type I disorientation poses the highest amount of risk, compared to the other two.This follows the fact that the pilots do not get to crystalize the potential danger, which means that no precautions take place to counter the hazard. Type III dis orientation poses a minimal risk, which means that most pilots gather the courage to correct anomalies, while a small portion fails to gather such confidence (Webb, Estrada & Kelley, 225).

Amazon.com Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

virago.com - Essay ExampleAmazon advertises extensively on the internet to help raise awareness of their brand. Also, Amazon maintains high-speed growth introducing new merchandises and function available online. Innovations and adaptation policies help to appeal to a particular target audience in assorted markets. The main weakness of Amazon is a negative image of online banking and financial transaction. Many customers do not buy products online afraid of fraudulent actions of companies. Undeveloped banking sector in less developed countries prevent the alliance from rapid international growth. The opportunities included high potential to growth based on the technological transpose and increasing number of internet users. The choice of communications mix should be the most cost-effective effect for achieving the organizations communication objectives. Call centers and the Internet give online booksellers great opportunities to promote its services. Competition and possible le gal changes is the study threat forAmazon (Amazon Home Page 2009).In his book Competitive Advantage Porter identifies five forces that repel competition within an industry (Johnson and Scholes 54). The threat of entry by new competitors is possible but they go forth create a real threat for Amazon. The intensity of rivalry among existing competitors has a great seismic disturbance on Amazon facing with strong competition (Barnes & Noble and other small online companies). Thus, Amazon has positioned itself as a superstore. Pressure from substitute products will not have a great impact on Amazons activity. Today, Amazon proposes a wide range of e-texts and CD-ROMs which can be regarded as substitute products. The bargaining great fountain of buyers is crucial for Amazon. The aim of customers is to pay the lowest possible price to obtain books or other products that they require. The benefit of Amazon is that it purchase in such large quantities that its suppliers are dependent on the customers business. The bargaining power of suppliers does not have a great impact on Amazon because most firms are exceedingly differentiated and need an effective distribution channels for their products (Amazon Home Page 2009).For Amazon, the most successful of quadruplet growth stages was the Growth stage. This success can explained by a strong web culture and surround created by its team. In order to be effective Amazon is responsive to external environmental influences. Amazon operates within a dynamic environment and it requires a structure and culture that are sensitive and readily adaptable to change (Johnson and Scholes 55). Amazons organizational climate influences the level of morale and attitudes which members of the organization bring to bear on their work performance and personal relationships. Also, strong web culture attracts millions of buyers to this store. Web culture is based on non-price competition and strong brand image (Amazon Home Page 2009).Amazo n.com is a leading internet-based company in operation(p) on a global scale. Amazon.com becomes the first mover in the e-retailing market proposing a wide product range to diverse customer targets. E-business allows the company to connect customer service and good levels, increases customer satisfaction and decreases retention artistries. The main strategy is a virtual bookshop which helps the company to promote and sell its products to customers. identical to traditional marketing, a virtual bookshop

Design slow sand filtration unit Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Design slow keystone filtration unit - Assignment ExampleDisinfection It is each process that deactivates, removes contaminants or kills pathogens that may be present in piss. It is usually the last step in the household piddle treatment process and comes after sedimentation and filtration. Effective size This refers to the size curtain raising read from the grain size distribution graph that will only roll 10% of the sand. hygiene Various practices, for example hand washing, which help ensure both keenliness and good health. Filtration It is the process of allowing water to descend (pass) through the layers of a porous material, such as sand, with the aim of removing pathogens and either hang up solids. It is carried out as the second step in the household water disinfection and treatment process and comes after sedimentation and beforehand the disinfection process. Flow rate It is the time taken to fill a certain container of water, most often a one litre container. It is mensural once the slow sand filter is fully filled with water. alimental This refers to any that is employ by microorganisms for both survival and growth. Although this term is applied to refer to phosphorous and newton in contaminated water, it can also be used to describe other chemicals. Pathogen This term refers to any disease causing living organism. The pathogens that be most commonly found in water are protozoa, bacteria, viruses and helminthes. Pores These are the small spaces between the grains of sand that allow water to pass through them. Sanitation It is maintaining clean and hygienic conditions that ensure prevention of diseases through services like garbage collection and proper bollix disposal. Sedimentation It is the process used in settling out solids and particles that are suspended in water under the influence of gravity. Suspended solids These are small solid particles that fall in water and thereby causing turbidity. They are removed through the sedime ntation or filtration process. Turbidity Turbidity is caused by the suspended solids that float in water such as sand, clay and silt. It is used to refer to the quantity of twinkle that is reflected off these particles suspended in the water and which make the water look dirty or cloudy. It is measured in Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU). Uniformity coefficient It is a measure of how poorly or well sorted the sand is. It is the size of opening that is read from the grain size distribution graph that will allow pass of 60% of the sand divided by the size opening that will allow passing of 10% of the sand. Water quality Refers to the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of water. The level of the quality of the water to be used varies depending on the utilisation for which it is intended. Wet harrowing This is a technique used in cleaning slow sand water filters whereby the sand surface is agitated gently in order to stir up the bio layer. The cloudy water is th en drained off and then afterwards, the filter is allowed to operate for a number of days in order to re-establish the bio layer. Abstract Also known as a bio sand filter, slow sand filters amaze been used as a technique of water filtration since the nineteenth century. The most widely used magnetic declination of slow sand filters used is constructed using concrete and has a height of 95 cm and a width of 36 cm and with a flow rate of 20-40 liters per hour. There are over 80, 000 filters used in 36 countries. There are various modifications which

Algerian Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Algerian Government - Essay utilisationIn fact, the president is so powerful that the government can be defined by scarcely one man. Similarly, the country has a bicameral legislation that is composed of elected delegates who also serve 5 year terms.As compared with the government structure of the join States, there are many differences. Firstly, the President of the United States although head of the military does not share the same authoritarian power structure that the president of Algeria has. Similarly, the elections in the United States are mostly fair and free not as the case with Algeria (Ruedy 8).Although Algeria has one of the highest standards of bread and butter in the continent of Africa, the country still does not have the basic freedoms that democratic systems take for granted. Algeria is rank very poorly with respect to human rights abuses as well as overall freedom of the argue (Suer 5). Because of this and the authoritarian structure of its government, Algeria is not a form of government that many might necessarily chose to have a go at it

Barnabas Medical Centre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 14

Barnabas Medical Centre - Essay Example2. The power boundary mingled with Dr. Tony, the Associate Chief Medical Officer, and the departmental managers could jeopardize this process, especially if Dr. Tony opted not to cede power to them to make do up with a solution to the problem facing BMC.There could also be a betrothal between the departmental managers as they sought to establish how each department influences the other. This was overcome through Dr. Tonys impelling relationship and communications management.3. In this case, leaders encompass all that offered support and facilitation in the process. Dr. Tony exhibited aflame intelligence as a leader, self-motivating and motivating other members of lag towards the realization of the intended goal and present social awareness. He shared authority and collaborate knowledge. Departmental managers exhibited their active leadership by engaging in the problem-solving process at BMC.4. The factors that made the collaborative eff ort successful included Dr. Tonys effective collaborative leadership and his effective management of communications and relationships. His knowledge of BMCs ED situation and knowledge and skills on healthcare operations also made the collaborative effort successful.1. The leader-followers boundary posed a challenge as the followers (medical staff) could resist the change by their leader, Dr. Till, in adopting the proposed changes. There was also a challenge between the organization and the government, such that, whereas the hospital management seeks to provide the best services to willow Springs residents, the government cuts the needed financial aid.2. Dr. Till is a leader in this case, having ceded his power to the medical staff to allow them to come with effective solutions for Willow Springs residents. He served as a servant leader by supporting and facilitating the workload with the medical staff.

Development a strategy for InteCom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Development a strategy for InteCom - audition ExampleThe firm was established recently in 1978 and as of 1982, it has a 1% US food commercialise sh be. The US market is dominated by firms such as AT&T, Northern Western and Rolm and InteCom is rank at the 13th position, among the lowest. The market is expected to grow by 7 % till 1988 and the demand would be for large digital systems. InteCom has a robust product called the IBX S/ 40 digital systems. This product is base on digital technology and does non have problems of Blocking that other product suffer from. It similarly has an open architecture and allows easy integration with foreign language systems, other than English, something other products do not have.Among different segments in the PBX market, there is a growth forecast for large customers line segment. While the US market has a lot of competition, the overseas market has double the demand. InteCom is very well positioned to enter the national and international ma rkets with its IBX S/40 systems. The company suffers from low branding and it needs to improve its wage social structure and the HR policies. The strategy report has performed a detailed SWOT analysis to understand the current market situation and has framed some strategic objectives along with vision and goals. Details of the strategy implementation are also givenThe strategic plan provides a blueprint for the objectives for the future. The plan analyses the current business surround and frames the strategic goals that are to be achieved. Risk and opportunity areas are analysed to form an understanding of the market and indeed a vision is framed. The strategic plan has to be iterative and would have to be updated as and when accented market inputs become available. A broad based framework for strategic planning is illustrated in the next figure (Moorman, 1998).A strategic plan would have clearly defined sections such as decision maker Summary Strategic Planning Methodology Cur rent Situation Target End-State

STRategic Marketing Management ( Analysis and decisions ) Term Paper

strategicalal Marketing Management ( Analysis and decisions ) - Term Paper ExampleAsides from modifying PCs, the community also developed the sound feature on these PCs that allowed melodies and speech to be played (Baldauf and Stair, 201074). Since its inception, the entity has achieved various milestones with the most remarkable one universe the Sound chargeman audio cards. The entity has been through difficulties and has always emerged at the top. This paper gives a detailed outline of fanciful Technology and its strategic marketing management.The major factor that has contributed to the entitys success over the long time is Sims effective leadership. Sim is a born entrepreneur who comes up with creative ideas that have enabled the entity to remain undirected over time. He had a vision for his company and laid down quantifiable goals that saw the company increased profitability over the years (Koh, 2008147). Sim was not only visionary but was a strategic decision-maker and highly effective in solving problems that came up in the companys operations.The second expectation that has contributed to the companys success is diversity in their products. It can be find that technology is propellant and in order to maintain its customers, the entity has always been conducting modifications on their products in the trendiest and latest designs. This can be observed on various occasions. For example, the company was in the lead in the sound card trade in the past twenty years and was struggling owing to the lack of new and inventive products. This explains why Creative Technology ventured into producing a wide array of products including high-end speakers, DVD players and graphic cards. This was followed by the launch of the Sound Blaster and the Cubic CT (Schaar and Chou, 200938). Later in 1998 the company entered into the digital segment of the entertainment industry by launching the Sound Blaster Live That was enjoyed immense success and placed the company at a competitive advantage over its rivals including Philips and Sony.

Applied Science Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Applied comprehension - Personal Statement ExampleIn my estimation, A scientist trained in the formal disciplines of Physics or Chemistry, engaged in academic activity can not claim superiority everyplace a Scientific Man who by using his gifted faculties is able to translate his informal knowledge of science in to products of common use which actually be the raison-de-etre of science.I would like to pose a chief that, what is the reason that prompts us to engage ourselves in the quest to understand what exists around us My answer is to seek benefit for hu worldity. A quest for knowledge cannot be and should not be an end in itself just should be aimed and directed at transmitting benefits to the people. The allegation that ideas conceived by some scientists earlier are picked up by someone not formally trained in Scientific Disciplines are made in to products which can be used by ordinary people requires a response. I would like to contend that nothing can be termed as purely original, human instinct has been thinking and dreaming since eons. We are specie of dreamers God has granted us this unique ability, rather a superior ability among another(prenominal)(a) animals. If a scientist thinks of a theory, I am sure someone not belonging to the select group, claiming monopoly over science, must have dreamt the dream sitting by the fire, after a tiring hunt. It is the dream which urges the creativeness and the urge for quest. The dream of flying if ever it becomes a reality will be result of a dream rather then scientists arguing over polemics. Having said that I would now relate short how the dream of electric lighting became a reality and contrary to the claim of being branded unscientific, how it was endorsed by the scientific community and lauded by the public. It was as early as 1874 that my electric device was appreciated by Mr. George Barker at Franklin Institute. In the year 1878 it was none other then Mr. George Barker an eminent scientist, p rof of Physics at University of Pennsylvania, Associate Editor of American Journal of Science, member of NAS and later the President of AAAS, with whom I discussed the idea of electric lighting, on a trip to Wyoming to observe a solar eclipse, like other scientists. As it is common knowledge that Mr. Barker has impeccable credentials as a scientist, he appreciated my idea and arranged my visit to see the arc light bulb built by Messer Moses husbandman and William Wallace in Connecticut. Mr. Barker showed his sagacity while praising my work in the Washington meeting of NAS held in April 1878. In that meeting I demonstrated phonograph which was appreciated greatly by the audience as a great product of science. The same year I was invited to join AAAS and I joined. The prestigious system therefore recognized the scientific merit of my work. I would also like to further strengthen my scientific credentials in the eyes of those who take a negative view of my work, by stating that Mr. U pton a trained scientist by the standards so jealously being guarded, is a close associate and assists my work. The very fact that he, a man of science is working with me demonstrates that what I do is nothing but Science.It has also been alleged that I do not adhere to the accepted norms of scientific scholarship. The particular allegation that I have in mind is the reference made to my reporting the scientific findings that I make, to the newspapers, which the public reads. My assertion is that

Social Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Social Psychology - Essay Examplethe study o f how behavior due to one sort of environmental event (larger distant or abstract rewards) may come to dominate behavior due to another sort (smaller immediate or particular rewards)(Rachlin,2000,p.25). egotism delay is also a apprehension, which is closely related to egotism control. It is taming oneself, to live a certain way of life. This concept is mainly incorporated by the somebody in his life, when he wants to achieve a particular task.Mostly, self control is seen as an somebody trait and as a measure of self discipline. If a soul lacks self control, it is seen as a failure of his character and personality. Self control is the capability of a person to motivate him to do the right thing. It can also be described as stopping ourselves constitute doing things that we see as bad for us. Self control constitutes a fundamental aspect of human behavior. Self discipline is another name for selfcontrol, without which the life of indiv iduals would lead to chaos. Every habit embedded in the human mind is the result of continuous action .So by controlling a behavior he can form or avoid a habit. It can be very well verbalize that, self control is the strong foundation for the building of character in a person.The degree to which an individual think he has control over the events happening to him, is termed as locus of control. Internal versus external control, oft referred to as locus of control, refers to the degree to which persons expect that reinforcement or an gist of the behavior is contingent on their own behavior or personal characteristics versus the degree to which person expect that the reinforcement or outcome is a function of chance, luck or fate, is under the control of powerful other, or is simply irregular(Scrimla,Grimaldi ,2002,p.381).People having high locus of control, have a better control on their behavior and desires. These people trail their life in their own designed path, with their own controlled actions and behavior.

Harvard case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Harvard - Case Study ExampleThe Beijing EAP Inc. is a company that provided EAPs to many customers. The nature of its operations required the employees to have strong academic backgrounds that qualified them to operate in this multinational service company. be the largest market holder in the Mainland China, the Company had a huge customer base that categorized it as a big corporation. Amongst some customers of BEC were IBM, Siemens, Samsung, Lenovo, Guadong Mobile, and the China Development Bank.Consequently, the Company had many projects that prompted the management to subdivide the projects to distinct segment managers2. In this case, for instance, Mr. Yang represents a training department manager having a communicational breakdown with Ms. Song, a project manager, based on the confusion of the roles each one was to perform. In some cases, the tension escalated to a point where the employees did not know who to approach concerning the progress of projects.Both being project mana gers at the BEC, the ii senior employees had no idea of the organizational structure. Both the employees had no clear identity of the functions that were under their jurisdiction3. This conundrum faces many large corporations, therefore making it difficult to execute their project as required. However, it is important to precis the authorities, responsibilities, and restrictions of the project managers. This goes a long way in ensuring that similar communicational breakdowns are avoided in the emerging for corporations.The major challenge that the BEC had was the lack of communication. When Mr. Yang and Ms. Song got onto the project, they assumed to understand their duties. In difficult situations, each failed to deliberate the other to comprehend the magnitude of the problem. As a result, the two employees endured poor working relationships.Existence of hierarchy in the management of projects was another problem that

Read the Inland Bank AND the Cisco cases and identify the Essay

Read the Inland Bank AND the Cisco plates and identify the stakeholders. Analyze each case separately (write 2 separate one page) - Essay Exampleerest is being entrusted with a regular paycheck as a reward for her efforts and without ongoing efficiency and profitability at the commit, Amy would not be able to sustain a quality life-style. Regular, low-level employees of the bank are likewise stakeholders of the firm. With closures, they are out of jobs. This impacts lifestyle and the local economy (to a moderate degree).Neighborhood citizens additionally, are stakeholders for Inland National. With positive care trading operations in the community, it promotes taxation and resource allocation benefits to the city government that can be used for urban development projects. If the bank in the region is to be closed, it can cut off these r until nowues and cause even further collapse of the neighborhood infrastructure. The case is about the long-term impact of business decision-ma king on inner and external stakeholders. As the business attempts to secure its own interests, it has a trickle down affect on the neighborhood and employees, thus anyone who conducts business with the bank, works at the bank or relies on economic benefits of bank operations have real concerns.The 20,000 employees that would be working at the huge industrial complex possess by Cisco are primary stakeholders. Ciscos successes and ability to create local business environments would be advantageous for locally-recruited employees and ensure they have a quality lifestyle provided by continued follow profitability and competitive advantages. As primary stakeholders, it would be highly beneficial for the company to stay financially lucrative to avoid being outperformed by rival companies.Local citizens in the region are also stakeholders. They were concerned that this new development, without provision for employee housing, would drive up costs of accommodations in the city and cause pr oblems with track congestion by dramatically increasing the local population with recruited employee populations. Their main interest was ensuring that local

Benefits and drawbacks of the electronic health record Research Paper

Benefits and drawbacks of the electronic health record - Research Paper ExampleThe past ex has witnessed technological advancement in virtually every industry. Comp atomic number 18d to a decade ago, many people in developed economies can now purchase goods online, buy air tickets and earn degrees online. Health records have for a long time depended on the traditional system of record keeping that is tedious and prone to errors. electronic health Record (EHR) system plays a springy role in transforming the healthcare system chiefly from a paper based system to a comprehensive computerized system through the use of clinical information to deliver high quality care to the patients. Various countries have come up with laws that direct require the healthcare facilities to adopt EHR and utilize it in a meaningful way with wish to cost containment and errors reduction.This is expected to transform the healthcare institutions for the benefits of both patients and administrators. Howev er, there are various concerns over the use of EHR and questions are asked whether it really meets the intended benefits that are to improve care with acceptable level of errors. This study focuses on the analyze of literature on the impacts of EHR. As stated by Dentler et al (2014), EHR impacts are either beneficial or drawbacks, thus this study embarks on the merits and demerits of implementing an EHR by a healthcare facility as identified by experts in various studies.Electronic Health Register (EHR) refers to the longitudinal electronic record of patients information with respect to health that has been generated through one or more encounters with the patient. EHR contains the patients information related to progress, demographics, past medical history, vital signs, radiology reports, laboratory data, problems and medications (Page et al, 2011). According to Menachemi & Collum (2011), three attributes defines a meaningful use of EHR Computerized Physician order initiation (CP OE) systems, Clinical Decision Support (CDS) and

Economics Article Analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economics Analysis - Article ExampleComparative advantage is often measured in legal injury of the overall cost involved in producing any particular approximate or service. Further with the increase in the competition at the outside(a) level puts pressures on the world(prenominal) prices of the goods and it may be practice difficult for the firms to continue to export their products in the international markets at the current prices without step-down the costs or improving the technology to manufacture the product.The article under review discusses the wine application of Australia and how the exports changed over the period of time due to certain factors. This article discusses as to how the sales in terms of volume changed over the period of time besides the reduction in the prices at international level.This enunciate will therefore focus on the application of microeconomic theory on the facts and statements made in the article and will provide a comprehensive discussion o f how the international trade dynamics come into interaction with each other in international market.The article under study provides a historical overview of the Australian Wine industry and how it evolved over the period of time. It also discusses some of the dynamics in international market and what are the factors on which competition between the countries is based. (McEachern 2003)It is critical to note that the article suggest that the Australian wine is regarded highly by the wine drinkers all over the world. Due to the quality of the wine, Australian companies withdraw been able to erode the French domination from the market. This fact suggests that the Australian firms have been able to achieve the sexual congress comparative advantage in international market due to the quality of the wine.The above graph shows the part of how the total production in the country is sold. It clearly indicates that most of the wine produced in the country is exported to countries corresp onding UK, US, China and Hong Kong thus suggesting that the

Performance management and rewards Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Performance management and rewards - Essay idealextremely essential to retain the human resources of the organization so as to enhance its productivity and snitch value in the market among other rival players. This essay is divided into four phrases mainly foreground the importance of retention as well as the ways to increase the rate of retention of the employees in the organization. Along with this, the retention strategy is also devised in order to reduce the ratio of attrition of the Hertfordshire-based SME so as to subjoin its reputation and efficiency in the market among others.It is the process by which, employees are retained within the organization for longer period of time so as to enhance its image and productivity. overdue to which, retention is recognised as the most important tactic of talent management process. So, it is offered higher attendance by the organizational entrepreneurs in this competitive age (Cannon & McGee, 2011). Retention of an employee within a n organization is essential as it acts as its driving force. This is because it helps in introduction of varied types of inventive products and services thereby satisfying the changing requirements of the customers. As a result of which, it enhances the reliability and trust of the customers towards the brand thereby amplifying its position and dominance in the market among others (Finnegan, 2010, pp. 556-561). Not only this, employee retention also gears the goodwill of the organization to a significant finish thereby amplifying its cost of profit margin and net income. In addition, employee retention also helps in regaining the efficiency and effectiveness of the organization, long term success and profitability and improvement of turnovers. Thus it might be stated that retention of employees might enhance customer satisfaction, improve total sales cost and amplify returns of the Hertfordshire-based SME. The term retention seems easy, but its extremely hard. This is mainly due to various reasons presented. Lack of cargo hold is one of

Cost of Resource Essay Example for Free

Cost of Resource EssayThe completelyocation and constitute of resources need to be carefully monitored if a project is to be delivered on-time and on-budget.At a minimum this section will yield the followingAllocation of resources to project tasks (both labor and material)Cost estimates for project resourcesGantt diagram showing duration estimates for all tasks and their sequencing (including precedence relations) and highlighting any critical path(s) arising from task dependencies ultimately determining the minimal duration of a projectIn addition summarize any relevant facts about the project duration, number or type of resources, critical task sequencing, or how duration estimates were arrived at, and any financial implications (for example, budget or cost reports of the project as well)Develop a baseline for your project plan so that all in store(predicate) variances are captured. Write 3 to 4 pages on your findings.When it comes to succeeding in college, there are many a(prenominal) influential factors. In fact, even your choice of seat can make a difference. Try to realize a seat near the front of the lecture hall rather than one right succeeding(prenominal) to the exit. You are more likely to stay engaged and can ask your professor questions easily.

12 Steps to Recovery Essay Example for Free

12 Steps to Recovery EssayAddiction of any substance is an extremely difficult thing to accept. When we in conclusion realize that We harbor a problem it is up us to admit it. Once we squander recognised that we atomic number 18 addicted we bind make the first and most important shout to recovery. We learn that in genius case recovery is what we want in our lives there be standards to take these steps is to mean we atomic number 18 ready to completely give yourself to a higher indicator. This higher power can be anything or anyone we want it to be, whether it be God or somebody we can really trust and depend on. at that place are 12 steps to recovery that will booster us stay clean and help us be successful in staying in recovery.This we call the 12 Step Program. The first step to recovery is we admit were powerless over our addiction and our lives have become unmanageable. This means admitting weeven have an addiction problem. By saying your life has become unman ageable states that we dont want to lodge living your life the way have been during your addiction. Our addiction has taken over our life, and admitting that were an addict helps us take responsibility for our actions instead of blaming others as we did before. The second step is we have come to cerebrate that a power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity as we knew it.See moreThe Story of an minute of arc Literary Analysis EssayFor most of us our higher power is god. We would give everything to our higher power and ask him for forgiveness. We then would recite the Serenity Prayer to help us. The Serenity Prayer is God reach me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the courage to change the things I can, and the wisdom to know the difference This is a very powerful prayer as I feel today. The third step is that weve made the conclusion to turn our will and our lives over to the care of God as we understand and know him. We allow him to depict us thro ugh the recovery process we are going through.He lets us know that we are not alone in this, and we will never be alone again as presbyopic as we have him in our lives. The fourth step is making a searching and fearless clean inventory of ourselves. We look inside ourselves to find out what our morals are and to figure out what we believe in. We figure out what we stand for and learn what we think is right and wrong in life. In this step you must become brutally honest with yourself knowing that theres nothing we can do to change the past. This does not mean you are a bad person but that you have made some bad decisions in our lives, that we as human beings are not perfect.The fifth step is when we have admitted to God, ourselves, and another human being the exact natures of our wrongs we have done during our addiction. Completing this step gets the monkey come to your back pursay. More than most people the addict lead a double life. This means we are only presentation what we w ant people to see. Not being honest and showing our true colors. We unbosom continued to lie and expected to be able to stay clean. Through this step we learned that this is not possible in order to stay clean and live a honest life through recovery. Those of us that belong to religious sanctuaries can confide in the proper person of that faith .Others that are not religious may find someone they can confide in such as a doctor or therapist. Someone that we can trust to keep what has been said in confidence. We cannot discover anything to our family because we are not allowed to say things to them that will make them unhappy. We cannot save our own skins by making someone else unhappy. By doing so our fears come closer and we begin to realize that our life is opening up and showing what our life was really about . This is the scariest thing we will do. And the hardest step to complete out of all 12 of them. The sixth step is when we ask God to remove these defects of event.Which in turn means we surrender our strong self to God? When we are ready, we say to him something like this My Creator, I am now willing that you should have all of me, good and bad. I pray that you now remove from me every single defect of character which stands in the way of my usefulness to you and my fellows. Grant me strength, as I go out from here, to do your bidding. Amen The seventh step we become willing to ask God to help us to remove all of our shortcomings. This is not a long step and like I said previously its not one of the hardest steps to do during recovery.

British Airways Marketing Report Essay Example for Free

British Airways market Report EssayCurrent piece of land price is 225 with a range of amidst 224 and 289. Marketing is the management process responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements profitably. BA apply to operate in an oligopoly mart however through issue the last century this has changed. previously it was only large national companies that had enough money to provide courses however nowadays the grocery store operates in perfect competition with high barriers to entry. BA tolerate economic consumption signalingeting to promote their product, drive market shargon, anticipate customer requirements, satisfy customer of necessity and ultimately make a profit. The Marketing cockle The market mix is a combination of 4 Ps (product, price, place and promotion) that should be used in conjunction with each former(a) to ensure a competitive edge over other companies. The marketing mix is designed to produce mutually satisfying excha nges with a target market. product BAs product in essence relates to the flights suggested. However, the product can be drilled cut derriere into specific atomic number 18as ranging from the airport lounges around the world, the extras that you can get on board such as moulding BA aeroplanes or even package holidays.Each of these has been specifically tailored to meet customer expectations (which argon high spoted in the section of the cover titled target market). This part of the marketing mix pointes on how BAs products are managed and in the Guardian case study article titled BA, Iberia and American Airlines tie-up heralds new era of transatlantic travel date 06/10/2010 it shows how BA have make an executive decision to link their websites with other companies to have the possibility to offer a high matter of routes (products) to their potential customers.Price Price is simply the amount of money customers must pay to obtain a product. BAs price is generally higher th an their competitors although this is because they believe they are offering higher quality. However, in recent times BA appear to be losing the price war against low constitute budget competitors such as Ryanair and Easyjet. Following this, BA have undergone marketing strategies to reduce their price and tend out sale discounted periods. BA demand immediate payment for their products, do non kick in recognition terms or allowances. PromotionIn the early days when BA was a nationalised order and the market was an oligopoly, they didnt have to promote as much, as competition was minimal. However, with the growth of new players in the market BA have resulted to publicize in the following areas tube stations (especially the Jubilee Line going towards gym shoe Wharf to target higher earners), newspapers (such as the Financial Times and Sunday broadsheets), airports ( in the first place in Heathrow and Gatwick their primary hubs) and adverts surrounded by TV programmes, startin g from September 2009 such as the News, Politics programmes and factual documentaries.BA to a fault use personal advertising techniques with their advert Come together its Christmas. This uses emotional targeting to encourage people to buy their product to visit loved ones during this period. See auxiliary 2. Place Currently BA do not operate from London Stanstead however a marketing decision could be back awayn to include this to their portfolio. This would give them a higher percentage of UK airport utilisation however a cost benefit abridgment could prove this move to be not so availous.BA have recently taken on Easyjet and are now offering a Gatwick-Marrakech route at discount prices. This gives customers higher choice and allows BA to remain competitive and attempt at satisfying the needs of those who compulsion to pay less. Once BA have exhausted the 4 Ps, a S. W. O. T. Analysis will be completed to desexualise and examine internal strengths and weaknesses and, external opportunities and threats. S. W. O. T. Analysis Strengths The case study website article on This is Money dated 24/01/2011 undoubtedly highlights one of the major strengths carrying BA at present.The merger between BA and Iberia has reinforced its financial position and is a step closer to creating a multinational multi-brand airlines root word. BA take pride in their strong brand, high quality service of process and offer prestigious first carve up airport lounges to ensure that their customers are taken care of to the precedent they expect for the prices they are paying. This is what has allowed BA to sprout higher fares and gives them the image that higher class passengers are willing to pay for.By linking themselves to fellow competitors (American Airlines) and fortify their position by joining the One World syndicate, BA have encouraged higher revenues from this tactical decision. Following the strong decline throughout the global recession, BAs strength is bouncing back according to the BBC News Article British Airways in first profit for two years. Although the get up in incomes and ultimately rise in profits was linked to higher cargo fares, BA were competent to success neary cut costs and meet their coulomb emissions targets also.Weaknesses Despite the preceding(prenominal), BA has been renowned for strong unvarying losses as highlighted in the other BBC News Article British Airways reports ? 164m loss. The losses were mainly caused by the volcanic ash cloud and staff strikes two resulting in the cancellation of thousands of flights. Its reported that honorable 15 days strikes had cost the airline ? 142m. The strikes had also had a negative impact on their declining character making slightly people not wanting to fly with them anymore. BAs reputation was also polish off when they were sued ? 10K by competitor Virgin for accessing their private files and consequently trying to poach business. If this wasnt freehanded enough, in 2009 BA were fined a massive ? 110m for price fixing known as a trustfulness and this is illegal. Although passengers accept that flight travel can be dangerous, BA adds to its weakness with its own incidents. These range from a mid-air collision in 1976, a pilot being sucked out of the aircraft when a windscreen exploded and in 2008 a BA plane at Heathrow missed the runway and crash-landed.More recently, BA has been positionigating prices of flights to some destinations that were being charged at 10 times the normal price owing to a administration error online. This is going to make people think twice when booking with the union. Opportunities While the above 2 sections focus internally, opportunities and threats highlight those factors that can influence BA externally. The lifting of the recession in recent months has allowed passengers to review their spending habits and hopefully create higher disposable income in households and allow the loosening of the belt for those corpora te company credit cards.BA need to carefully position their marketing strategies at the right time in order to capture these people with that bit of extra money to spend and the report will focus on this issue in the following few pages. BA sold its Gatwick hub airport for ? 1. 5bn, although this was reportedly at a loss (as BA originally paid ? 10. 1bn for it 3 years prior), it gave BA the opportunity to invest its takes elsewhere and concentrate on a smaller number of airports. BA also sold its interest in the London Eye now sponsored by EDF, to focus on other projects. ThreatsBA has been hit by threats in recent years ranging from terrorism, bad weather, volcanoes and more recently the devastating earthquake and tsunami in Japan and the civil unrest in Libya. Numerous flights have been cancelled to the Libyan capital capital of Libya costing BA millions of pounds. Following this, BA has been forced to cancel their entire summer 2011 season of flight programmes. The events in J apan have also affected BAs programmes with flights to Tokyo disrupted. The case studies provided highlight how BA went into meltdown following the heavy snow suffered in the UK during December 2010.The conditions caused hundreds of flights to be cancelled for both cargo and passengers and the title of the article British Airways says bad weather could cost it ? 50m sums up the situation perfectly. The terrorist events in the USA in 2001 still continue to make passengers nervous of flying, especially Trans-Atlantic and this is always going to be a sensitive subject that BA would find hard to market against. By doing so, they would not want to seem like they are publicising terrorism but at the same time have tough their marketing strategies on the highest standard of comfort and relaxability.A final threat is shown in an article by the Telegraph where BA is attacked by a social media Facebook campaign where Gatwick workers have criticised BAs rod 5 at Heathrow calling it shambolic and the page was even designed with videos showing the CEO of BA wrestling with baggage and trolleys. This damages BAs reputation and makes a mockery of their brand. All of the factors mentioned above in the marketing mix and S. W. O. T. Analysis are important for BA to consider however if the company does not have a target market to aim their products at, the company would not be able to survive.British Airways Target Market and Positioning Strategy In order to ensure BAs products are directed at the correct audience to maximise revenues and profits, careful market inquiry needs to be invested in to find a target market. The basis of target marketing is market part which splits the market into groups of potential customers that have the same characteristics. From the 3 marketing strategies, its believed that BA use a differentiated strategy as they focus on several specific areas of the market to target. The characteristics below offer ome possibilities that link all of BAs cust omers together. Watch the News on television Celebrities Speak a 2nd language Middle/Upper Class Holiday in non-European destinations Read non-fiction In full time employment or retired Have higher disposable incomes By segmenting the customer base to get a target market BA split the market depending on the following variables * Demographic age, sexuality * Geographic where the target is based * Geo-demographic size of households, number of cars etc.. depending on location * Psychographic lifestyle, attitudes Behavioural the relationship between the target market and the product As the points show in the circle above, BA focus their marketing strategies on those that have higher income and appear in the middle/upper classes of the population, this is evident from the prices of their products and the quality of the service offered. Both genders are targeted equally with the age range (generally) being between 35 to 65.The BA advertising strategies are positioned to target thos e situations that their customers can relate to and dream about i. . luxury holidays, comfortable flights and a legitimate service. This concentrates on the behavioural variable. Geographically, as BA is a British company, the target market is centralised in the UK however following partnerships with fellow companies such as American Airlines for example, a wider global base is reached. BA have positioned their product away from their low cost budget competitors acknowledging that they offer a more full-bosomed alternative to cheap travel. Their positioning strategy can lso be seen in the product class membership which again, separates BAs service away from the Easyjets and Ryanairs. By doing this, BA have created their own competitive advantage and have taken an alternative route to satisfy other customers needs that are not center around saving money. Marketing Recommendations In order for BA to evaluate how successful their target market strategies and their positioning tact ics are, the report recommends that the company should see how many levels of Maslows Hierarchy of Needs are being fit from a purchase of a BA flight. This can be seen in Appendix 3.Psychological needs SATISIFIED shelter from the cold, provision of food and oxygen * Safety needs SATISIFIED provision of a safe environment and reassuring customers * Belongingness and love needs N/A * Esteem needs N/A * Self-actualization needs Possibly relevant to those who are over-coming their fear of flying. Secondly, BA could conduct marketing research to determine why customers buy their products in the first place. This could be conducted as a quick questionnaire either in-flight when the customers are all in one place at the same time or as a mandatory set of questions when booking flights.This will help BA to see what criteria are satisfied during the stage of the buyer decision process. There are 3 possibilities however the report recommends that BA would come across the most popular varibl e below * Routine Response Behaviour Customers who are popular flyers, possibly members of the Executive Club, they are aware of the low cost competition however have a loyalty towards BA and favour their service. Appendix 4 shows where the report deems BAs product to shortly be in the market.By carrying out the market research above and with the new strong group behind the company, the brand could move backwards in the graph and back and return to the growth stage. This can also be said of Appendix 5, by moving BA from a question mark in the Boston Matrix and positioning it in the star category. The report recommends BA to further perish their marketing strategy to concentrate on holidays and not just flights. This links closely with an interview carried out by Marketing Week and BAs Head of Marketing, Richard Tams. We are devoting more and more of our reativity in any given campaign to talking about holidays. BA should extend this further and working with tourer boards of exoti c countries to promote cheaper package holidays with the support of the Government in those further to reach luxurious locations. Tams states we are looking to move BA. com to much more into the space of a travel website rather than a flights website. The report strongly agrees with this marketing strategy and would fully support BAs proposals. This widens their product mix and allows a larger more diverse target market to be captured. ConclusionThe report has analysed the company British Airways firstly concentrating on the product mix and a S. W. O. T analysis. The report has described the companys target audience and commented on the current positioning strategy of British Airways. The report has concluded with marketing recommendations that could be put in place to ensure the long time success of the company. Future events that British Airways will have to be aware of include the UK Government adjusting passenger air tax and carbon emission regulations. 2,682 words. Bibliography All referenced throughout. Books Jobber, D. 2001 4th edition Principals and Practices of Marketing, McGraw Hill International, P 810 * Kotler, P. 2010 9th edition Principals of Marketing, Pearson * Lamb, C. 2009 6th edition Essentials of Marketing, Neil Marquardt * The Chartered Institute of Marketing, LSBU lecture notes Websites All accessed between 24/03/2011 and 30/04/2011 * www. bbc. co. uk/news * www. dailymail. co. uk/travel/article-1369100/Libya-action-hits-British-Airways-flights. hypertext mark-up language * www. guardian. co. uk * www. google. co. uk/ pay? q=PINK%3ABAIRY * www. iagshares. com www. letsstartthinking. org/quickreference/maslow-need-hierarchy. asp * www. marketingweek. co. uk/sectors/travel-and-leisure/airlines/qa-with-ba-marketing-head-richard-tams/3019560. article * www. news. airwise. com/story/view/1300492770. html * www. news. cheapflights. co. uk/ /ba-takes-on-easyjet-on-gatwick-marrakech-route * http//phx. corporate-ir. net/External. File? item=UGFyZ W50SUQ9ODMyOTJ8Q2hpbGRJRD0tMXxUeXBlPTM=ampt=1 * www. telegraph. co. uk/travel/3366187/British-Airways-staff-attack-passengers-on-Facebook. html * www. thisislondon. co. k/standard/article-23431527-london-eye-looks-for-new-sponsor-as-ba-pulls-out. do * www. thisismoney. co. uk * http//uk. reuters. com/article/2009/10/21/uk-baa-idUKTRE59K1D820091021 * www. utalkmarketing. com/UTMImages/2/BA_terminal5_2. jpg Appendices 1. ) Group structure of IAG 2. ) BA advert 3. ) Maslows Hierarchy of Needs 4. ) Product Life Cycle 5. ) Boston Matrix 1 . www. iagshares. com 2 . http//www. google. co. uk/finance? q=PINK%3ABAIRY 3 . Lamb, C, 2009 Essentials of Marketing 6th edition. Neil Marquardt,

Education Essay Example for Free

statement EssayMaraming Pilipino ay nananatiling walang pakialam, walang interes, at walang komitment. May pagkamanhid na nagaganap kaugnay ng mga usapin sa moralidad kaya madalas inuunawa na lamang yaong mga bagay na di dapat palagpasinang kasamaan ay hindi nasusugpo dahil lubhang abala ang mga tao sa pagkayod ng ikabubuhay. Kung piquancy nating tayoy umunlad, hindi ito dapat magpatuloy. Express your agreement or disagreement to the statement above. Give concrete examples. In what ways have colonial education developed this apathy or lack of interest?In what ways can the present system of education help solve this problem. To a certain extent, I agree and disagree with the statement, I do not wish to appear notto have a stand on this so allow me to explain If I were to be realistic, I would have to concur that the statement is true. An example is an ordinary instructor working in a public school who handles tierce subjects and an advisory class with 30-50 students per cla ss. She has a family of her own with 2-3 children and a married man who is a government employee. She rents a kinsfolk with a fee of 5 thousand a month, exclusive of utilities.All children are in school. periodical expenses on food, transportation, school fees etc. exceed her and her husbands salaries combined. To augment their monthly earnings some(prenominal) husband and wife take on additional jobs, the teacher has private tutorials after school and the husband drives for a family on the weekends and holi mean solar days. No one can question her integrity as a teacher she does her work well and with sincerity. But with the bulk of her responsibilities not only with her own family solely with her students, do you take she has the time to debate on issues such as corruption in government?An issue that she was natural in and with already. An issue that she has no contiguous solution for. An issue that continues even after the post has changed transfer. That no matter who sits in government, same problem on corruption occurs but on contrasting levels, depth and facets. For this ordinary teacher, she would rather focus her time on the daily problems she encounters and can provide immediate solutions for interchangeable her students failing grades or, frequent absences. Or misunderstandings with a colleagues, or school projects of her kids.Can we fault her for plainly focusing on solutions she has control over? Does that make her insensitive, numb, does not care or uninterested with the issues around her? Will her joining street rallies, taking a day off her from her responsibilities and a days pay from her salary, to denounce the government that seemingly disregards her problems address the corruption issue and solve it within the day she can afford to spare? I do not believe so. She does what she can, at times that she can. This attitude isnoteven colonial.Its an innate Filipino and human value that we all take on when necessary. And the teachers a ttitude of providing solutions at her level no matter how mundane helps the community. Small things like inculcating honest values, and upgrading human respect for others to students under her care would make a difference, so when they grow up and they take on the leadership of the country, she hopes they would be a different brand of leaders. She is but one teacher, but even a small pebble when thrown creates a ripple in any body of water.

Henry VIII as a King, Evaluation Essay Example for Free

hydrogen VIII as a King, Evaluation screenTo an extent enthalpy VIII achieved his intentions as King between 1509-1515. Whilst he achieved aims such as to declare glory in battle such as with France to earn prestige and therefore establish great condition within the European countries, he did fail in some aspects with most set aim as baron. An example of this is his inability to hold a male heir to the thr ane which arguably was unmatchable of his prime aims as king. One of hydrogens main aims as king was to be a different leader in terms of his style from that of his father he wanted to be a much strugglelike leader who was more than dominant across Europe and also to be a generally more popular king. We know that this would have been whiz of Henrys main aims as in the first year of his reign he executed Empson and Dudley. These dickens people were corrupt and foul leaders and were precise(prenominal) unpopular within England they were real much associated wit h Henrys father. By Henry executing them publically in 1510, by way of a big public ceremony illustrated two things to the people firstly that he is a perhaps fairer king and that their desires were what were to shape his decisions and secondly that he would be a completely different, more popular and significant leader on a larger scale, so within Europe, by having more of a dominant presence, this is shown through the bold and trademarking execution.Henry succeeded in this aim, he indeed did become a more popular leader by taking the pursuances of his people very seriously, and he even built a strong army to protect everyone from frequent civil wars so making England more of a unity in itself and therefore a stronger nation. Also Henry, in an exertion of gaining the popularity from the nobility, cuts back on bonds and recognizes to please them as well as letting the nobles into his private life more and inviting them to private events of his, this in turn wouldve made them feel more important and involved with the kings affairs, and so again has a stronger force which is more connected and contrasts to his fathers. On the other hand, it could be say that Henry didnt need to be as precise and organised as his Father was, because Henry was left with all the money and financial stability his Father had spent his career accumulating and so he had the time and money to go to war or spend leniently rather than saving and twist up money. Henry VIII aims appear to emulate more his forefather Henry Vs aims instead by being a great warrior king and so achieving honour through War. by means of conquest he intends to extend his supremacy over the lands of rivals. Henry V owned more French land in his reign than the king of France did himself, this could have been the ownership Henry VIII also desired, this brought nigh Henry VIII first War with France. In faith to Henry, I return he was very brave in choosing to go to war With France in 1513, because despite his fathers council being very experienced people who he should listen to, he chooses not to, following their titles as ministers of peace they time-tested very hard to persuade Henry to keep peace with France. Given that he was innovatively king at this point I think it shows a lot of courage to foresee the opinions of the experienced council to postdate your own ambition even if faced with potential big consequences if he were to lose battle.Henry was victorious in his first battle and so he wouldve appeared a bold leader. Henry did earn a great deal of prestige in not only going to War with France and winning it, just now actually leading his troops in 1513 into the battle of the spurs personally which in itself brings about great honour. impressively at the same time, the French allies, the Scottish, invaded England and so came about the battle of Flodden, again England won this too and although Henry had little personally to do with this war because it was Surrey who won it, Henry as king hush up took credit and so as the unity of England, it had won its first 2 wars. As well as this he achieved his aim in cementing a good relationship with the Nobles by using their armies. However in 1514 he was almost forced to sign a peace treaty because financially England was desperate for money as henry in only one year had spent all his inherited money (estimated at about 960000).This shows his somewhat lack of organisation as a king and more his ruthlessness and despondency for war. Another factor detracting from the prestige of this war is that Henry was used by Ferdinand and left by him at the last stage before the battle, so showing dishonour by Ferdinand towards him. In aims such as securing the Tudor dynasty Henry didnt really succeed. Although he did make attempts such as marrying Catherine of Aragon in severalise for her to give Birth to a male Heir it didnt work. Unfortunately as king this was one of his most important aims, we know this because he ma rried Catherine the same year he was king and so it was obviously of key importance to produce an heir. This having failed, as it did, Henry did still try and secure the dynasty, by taking actions such as marrying his sister to the French King, Louis, he was creating the possibility of a Tudor dynasty on the French mint.Henry even wanted an annulment from Catherine because he believed it was her who couldnt give him a son, he went to great lengths and disrupted his very important relationship with the Pope just to get an annulment and I think this shows how important it was to him to have a male heir as king. However, as far as fulfilling this aim early on in his reign goes he didnt manage to do this, still he was dedicated in trying to do it. Henry knew that it was very important to have a secure and good relationship with the Pope he understood that he was a very authoritative figure with a lot of power over the people and so for unity within his country, he would have aimed to have an important relationship with the Pope. Examples of Henrys efforts to appease the Pope would be afterwards the Battle of the Spurs, the pope wants Henry to make peace with France, even though Henry is reluctant to do so, he does because he understands the importance of having a good relationship with the Pope.It is only when Henry starts to have problems with the impression of shared power between himself and the king, tension starts as a lot of their roles cross over causation friction by occasional conflicting views. As a result Henry achieves senior power which is what he wants but he then compromises his relationship with the Pope for this. So only for a terse while Henry did succeed in his aim of having a strong relationship with the Pope. Clearly in the way Henry behaved and practiced as a king, it is evident that Henry wanted to be different, rule in a different way and allocate his time differently than to how other kings before him may have. Presented with being king at the age of 18 he chose to be a king cognize for doing everything in excess, living lavishly, playing sport for example tilting and generally enjoying himself seemingly far more than his languid down father had done. Henry wanted to be the renaissance king and in terms of this aim, it is one Henry definitely achieved by his new ideas and new style of kingship, he had a huge divert in the arts and music too which shows him to be a more cultural king.Historians say that he didnt want to worry himself with the daily burdens of government and administration instead he would put others in charge to do this for him. Whether this style of leadership is right or effective it is still a new approach and perhaps a refreshing one to England at this time as when he came to throne he was very much desire by England and most importantly the nobles. As much as Henry spent a lot of his money in warfare, he too seemingly had interest in the wealth of the English crown in order for it to have dominance over Europe, at the beginning of his reign England was not as powerful as Spain and France and this was a lot down to the lesser financial position England were in. By taking actions such as selling land acquired in war to the nobles he not only is making money but is also becoming more liked with the nobles.On the other hand it is decisions like this which I think werent very strategic, if Henry was so determined on going to war and making an impact on Europe, it wouldve seemed more proper to put new land for the army or war related things such as weaponry manufacturing or housing for the army, this wouldve strengthened the English army and therefore brought about more global respect. I think Henry to a greater degree achieved most of his aims as king well given his new-fangled age and personal interests that he had. He did become a renaissance king and in doing this he also gained popularity, he was a very different King to his father as he was more warlike which was his intention as well as securing personal relationships with the nobles, however he didnt produce a male heir and his control with the money his father spent a career expression up I think wasnt spent very efficiently for the benefit of the whole country.

Switched at Birth Essay Example for Free

Switched at Birth Es hypothesiseA few historic period ago, I remember containing my sister notice Switched at Birth, but I neer genuinely thought I would need, or even want to watch the show, but I could honestly say that I whitethorn continue ceremony it just to see what happens. I was planning on watching three episodes somewhere in the middle of season two, but I ended up watching the first three episodes of the series since I had no idea who any of the characters were. I also mat up that in the middle of the series, all of the characters might be comfortable with each other already, which might bother the experience less memorable or eye-opening.A few times during the three episodes I watched, Daphne and Emmett divided dialogues at their school, Carlson School for the desensitise. During these strokes, the two of them carried on with their conversations using sign language, and after a moment, I realize there were no voices, which made the scenes harder to follo w and struck me as quite inte liberalisationing. I have taken a class that taught me how to analyze TV shows, movies, and other types of footage, and I noticed that the absence of voices within the scene is essentially the same thing as taking out the standground music in a movie or TV show. My whole life, I have watched shows where there were populate constantly oral presentation or where background voices kept my attention. This leads me into the fact that the subtitles I had to follow in order to understand the conversation were the only things keeping my attention. The negative affect of this is that I was not able to watch the two of them sign, in other words, my full attention was on the subtitles.This was the case for Daphne and Emmetts conversations at their school, but throughout the rest of the show, it was much simpler to follow the conversations with sound and with the signs. In addition, I think that the use of signs, while also oral presentation aloud, is quite an arouse thing, especially since Daphne signs and speaks almost all of the time, whereas Emmett never speaks, which must be due to him never advancing his speech skills. Another interesting thing Inoticed is that Emmett does not want anything to do with hearing pack. He believes that they are all the same and they just dont understand the Deaf community. He is Daphnes best friend, but Daphne is beginning to learn that maybe all hearing people arent the same.While Daphne and Liam were on their date, both of them were having a great time until Liams friends caught up to them and started qualification fun of Daphne. Liam had no idea what to do he wasnt sure if she was upset or if their comments were smart her at all. This made Daphne think of hearing people the same way as Emmett, but when she went back to see Liam again in his food truck, I think she finally realized that being with him may be tough at first, but he may be worth the fight. All in all, I believe Switched at Birth has given me some insight in how hearing people react to Deaf people, and vice versa.At first, I thought that hearing people were the only ones that produced rotten stigmas about Deaf people and their culture, but after seeing how Emmett acted around hearing people, I see now that some members of the Deaf community also produce bad stigmas about hearing people. This was an interesting experience that actually taught me a few more things about how Deaf and hearing people coincide. I am quite intrigued on how the show will continue, which means another show has been added to my playlist.

Adult Development and Life Assessment Essay Example for Free

giving schooling and livelihood Assessment Essay1. Summarize the main ideas from the impression and word in one paragraph each. A. mental picture The cognition of possession An Interview with Kelly McGonigal* In this video Kelly McGonigal speaks just about what depart power is to her and gives examples of what it could be. Kelly also speaks about comer goals and how you need will power to reach them. At last, Kelly talks about how technology plays a big let on of to solar twenty-four hour periods role but how certain approaches of it could advance or damage our every day lives. see moreexplain the benefits of using a personal development planB. Article donnish Delay of Gratification, Motivation, and Self-regulated Learning Strategies*In this article it talks about how delay of gratification mountain benefit in your developmental assignments and tasks. Dr. Bembenutty also conducts a study on how male versus female can pretend the result on the findings on the impact of decisions made by the students.2. Using your own words, define willpower and explain what it means to you.* Willpower to me means anything and everything I am willing to do to accomplish a task or goal no matter what obstacle I face.3. Think about a duration in which you used willpower to delay instant gratification. Type to enter textPSY202 Adult Development and Life AssessmentA. Explain what happened in detail.*B. While on the diet I am on now I have been in restaurants where I every couldnt swallow up the sustenance my family was eating or I had already eaten and needed to stick to my diet so I wouldnt cheat.B. What were the results?*The results were that I stayed strong on my diet even though I wanted tocheat and eat the foods that everyone else was eating I stuck to my diet and never gave up.C. How did you feel afterward?*Afterward I felt strong, proud, and knew that I could do this diet with no problem4. Think about a situation that you are currently set about as a college student that requires willpower and complete the items below.A. Describe the situation in detail.*A situation that I am facing is that I wake up early every day to take my kids to school and then watch the younger ones since they are not in daycare, then more or less three I go to work myself and dont get off until eleven p.m. so when I come home I am exhausted but still have to either study, do an assignment, or complete a discussion.B. The links to the video and article urge very unique(predicate) ways to use willpower. Identify at least two strategies from either the video or the article that you can use to overcome the current situation so that you may achieve your academic goals. 1.* Kelly McGonigal speaks about how there I will, I wont, and I want) at 113 of the video The Science of Willpower. To me this helps by saying I will finish this assignment, I wont quit, I practise give up, and finally that I want to obey and I want to earn my degree.PSY202 Adult Dev elopment and Life Assessment2.* Kelly also talks about how being on your phone in the first place buttocks can effect your sleep pattern, I usually try to be on my phone before bed to help make me tired and by not hunch forwarding that it can actually be bad for you helps because with not enough sleep your mind is not rested either.5. Think about a situation that you are currently facing in another area of your life (personal or professional) that requires willpower and complete the items below. A. Describe the situation in detail.*B. A personal situation I am facing is that my wife and I are at a roughpatch in our marriage and latterly we have been fighting and now trying to overcome those fights and better our marriage.B. The links to the video and article recommend very specific ways to use willpower. Identify at least two strategies from either the video or the article that you can use to overcome the current situation.1.* Once again I can use the I will, I wont, I want tech nique to tell myself that I will be better for my family or, I will try my best to stay calm and talk. I wont argue or I wont say things to put my wife in a offensive position. Finally, I want my marriage to succeed and that I want my family to always be happy.2.* I didnt see another way that I could use it to benefit my marriage.6. Enrolling at Ashford University validates that education is one of your core values. Identify three of your educational goals that align with this core value. 1.* Finish each grad with no less than a 3.0 G.P.A.PSY202 Adult Development and Life Assessment2.* Study every darkness I can and take time to thoroughly understand the topics at hand.3.* Focus and dedicate my time to my education studies, readings, and assignments so I can succeed.7. Explain how willpower encourages choices that are consistent with your three goals.* Willpower encourages these goals because it shows that I truly have to do anything and everything I can to make sure I succeed eve n though I am a husband, father, soldier, student, and then a full-time worker. I know I face many obstacles but having that willpower will push me no matter what.

Canadian Solar Essay Example for Free

Canadian Solar EssayHowever, with the spheric economic downturn in the recent years as well as changes in the judicature incentives in certain countries, the company has been struggling to stay on top in this competitive market, and needs to keep a competitive advantage against companies such as Sharp and Kyocera. This is a big problem to the company since it threatens their strategy and might put them out of competition. Which brings us to the question What should Canadian Solar do to best compete in the increasingly global photovoltaic industry? compendium External Analysis General Environment Most of the general aspects influence the PV industry relies on government incentive programs. Programs for thou energy such as the FIT program, has a positive effect on the industry since it guarantees rate on certain projects. Other government laws such as the placement of a cap squeeze out have a negative effect on the industry. Therefore, since income levels vary for every coun try, this will affect the system of PV technology.Moreover, society has a desire to go green and they highly value PV technology, although the implementation of PV technology scum bag cause society financial harm such as in Spain, where the unanticipated installations caused taxpayers $26. 4 billion. holy terror of new Entrants Barriers to entry are considered low since the PV industry requires low capital and medium to low proficient knowledge to make PV module. The low barriers to entry are also due to

Airbus Case Essay Example for Free

Airbus Case EssayIndividual Assignment fountainhead 1. Why is Airbus interested in building the A3XX? What are its objectives? Airbus is interested in A3XX for a number of reasons. Firstly, Airbus did not have a product to compete with Boeings 747 in the VLA (very large aircraft) market. By developing the A3XX it fuck gain a region in the VLA market. Secondly, as A3XX has more space per seat and wider aisles, it can lure passengers especially on longer routes. Thirdly, by comparing to Boeing 747, Airbus has 35% greater potentiality and provide near 25% more volume for free. Though operating cost per flight for Airbus would be higher(prenominal), it would need wholly 323 passengers to break even compared to 290 for Boeing 747. Lastly, from the numver of announced orders (32) of Airbus A3XX, there provides sufficient confidence for Airbus to build A3XX to meet the potential regard of customers. Below are the objectives for Airbus in building the A3XX. Firstly, as from the A irline Monitor suggested, A3XX will eventually step in the 747 as the Queen of Air, as every top international carrier will feeling the need to have it.Secondly, from the fleet composition for the 15 largest Boeing 747 Operators, theres around 44% of victimization 747 as a total of the Widebody Fleet. Thus Airbus can gain a significant market share in the Largest Operator segment by building the A3XX. Thirdly, Airbus would have operating margins of 15-20% after delivering the first tabloid in 2006, and reaching full production capacity in 2008. This will be much higher compared to the operating margin of 5. % in 1999 (896/16700). Lastly, by extendd capacity after building the A3XX, Airbus can increase the market share of both Deliveries and Orders segment. From the market share of Deliveries and Orders segment (5 year average from 1995-1999), Boeing has 68. 1% and 56. 5% respectively while Airbus as only 31. 9% and 43. 5% respectively. Since entry by new airlines was unlikely, A irbus believes that capacity increase will lead to increase in market share of this segment.

Comparing 600-1450 & 1450-1750 Essay Example for Free

Comparing 600-1450 1450-1750 hearPeriods of sentence have always been changing and evolving. The 600 to 1450 era had some similarities to the following era, the 1450 to the 1750 though as give tongue to before, there were the changes also. Many continuities and breaks occurred between both stages. There were the changes in their vocation systems, the technology, their global interactions, urbanization, social systems, and their semi semipolitical g everywherenment development. These events led to various inventions and some that are still used to this day. All the terms involving tenacity during both time periods eventually changed and affected the era. Analyzing these ideas will help receive a better brain of both periods. During the 600s to the 1450s, avocation was mostly done by land. There were long-distance trading occurring then, but not as much sea travel and ocean trade routes as in the 1450s to 1750s time period. The post-classical period (600-1450) included t he long-distance trade from the atomic number 63an to the African exponentdoms.However, there wasnt any constant trading happening between the eastern and western hemisphere. On the other side, during the time frame after this (1450-1750), trading was constant with the western and eastern hemispheres now connected by sea-based travel. World trade patterns where happening payable to the Atlantic Ocean trade eventually crossing of the Pacific Ocean. Trading began with pure items and grew to even valet de chambres, slaves. switch over routes influenced the cultures and belief systems back then also. Connections between different people brought both positive and negative effects. engineering also improved because of necessary traveling items. The technology during both of these time periods where advancing and improving. During the 1450-1750, these innovations strengthened their political organization and economic growth. Afterwards these two affected and altered the world trade pa ttern.In these azoic years, the scientific Revolution occurred and the methods used by scientists then, are now the basis for science for example mathematical formulation, empirical evidence, and wantondom of inquiry. The Scientific Revolution was a new vision of science avering on the human reason for comprehending the scientific phenomena. This Revolution was brought by the earlier Renaissance and the Reformation. During the 1450-1750, there wasnt a Scientific Revolution, but there was the forcing of converting to Catholicism from the Spanish and Portuguese towards the Amerindians. In the earlier era, it was optional for people to rely on the Scientific Revolution as their belief, but in the after era, Catholicism was forced into being the belief of all. In navigation technology, the Portuguese made peachy contributions including the magnetic compass and the astrolabe, helping mariners line up their locations at sea. They also made advancements in the design of ships.Carave l was the name of the newly developed ship by the Portuguese. Its size allowed the exploration of shallow coastal areas and rivers, and was also strong eno0ugh to withstand storms out on the ocean. This navigational technology made history. Socially, there were many important cultural changes. For example in the 600-1450, the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Enlightenment were beliefs that point European minds toward science and invention. This allowed them to escape from the social and intellectual boundaries of the Middle Ages. Speaking first of the Renaissance, which was primarily launched in Italy, this was a time of rebirth to the intellectual and artistic creativity of the people. Humanism is the interest of an individuals capabilities and accomplishments, but in the Italian Renaissance, humanism was reflected through philosophies, portrait painting, and autobiography.The Reformation occurred both in the Protestant group and later on in the Catholic people. The rebellion s against the church were the Protestant Reformation, which began in 1517 by Martin Luther and his 95 Theses. The Catholic Church responded forcefully and began the Catholic Reformation. During this time, a Council of Trent rose and Jesuits was founded which traveled all around Europe trying to convince ex-members back. During the time when the Spanish were public opinion over the Americas, the forced their way into that land and killed everyone they found. These conquistadors were cruel, slaughtering small children, pregnant women, and even old men. Their political development systems changed slightly and this caused a new turn to the governments ruling and its land/sea possession of trade. During the post-classical era, the kingdoms were long lasting overall. In the period after, there was a great expansion of their kingdoms.The Spanish and French kings gained enough power to turn into absolute monarchs, which held complete control over their kingdoms. The French kings also culti vated a belief in the divine right, which was the authority of king with matinee idols blessing. In other parts of Europe (Britain and the Netherlands) developed constitutionalism as their style of government. Though, the development of capitalism and technological advances was constant on all government types. Capitalism is an economic system based on private ownership of property and business that produce goods to be sold in a free market. The joint-stock companies, back then, organized commercial ventures on a large scale by allowing investors to buy and cheat shares. In the putting-out system, entrepreneurs delivered the raw material to the workers in their home, from where they were transformed into finished products.The Portuguese established viceroyalties, which were the kings representatives in the New World and wielded a great deal of power over their lands. They later became independent and set up their government in an urban area. Talking more about the time of 1450-17 50, the Zhen Hes voyages were very important. I founded interesting that after Yongles death, the Ming government decided to midriff the voyages, but if they hadnt, might the Chinese have been the ones to discover the Americas first?? Overall, periodization has changed and had made an impact on us today. The era between the 600-1450s and the one of 1450-1750s were both very interesting and had marker events that shape our life today. Analyzing, analyze the continuities and the breaks help us get a better understanding on what really made history.

The Importance of Reading Books Essay Example for Free

The Importance of nurture Books EssayThe joy of tuition books cant be described in words. Its something that you can figure only by actual experience.There is much more(prenominal) to life than your work and spending season aimlessly with latest technology products. Reading books gives you that much undeniable break from the chaos in your life. It instills peace inside you, makes you relaxed and as well exercises your brain in the process.When you charter a book, it feels large to put yourself-importance into a different world that the writer has created for you. Ask either avid reader about this and they excessively go away agree that edition a book is same worry ceremonial occasion a movie.When you spend hours and hours recital a book, creating a world with different characters in your mind, your imagination powers argon sure to get a boost. Depending upon what you read, you will come out with the same experience as when you bring in some re completelyy good m ovie.I have been a voracious reader ever since i learned how to read. Thats why i never get bored even being alone for a long time. I have found that interpreting books is the best medicine to kill boredom.What starts with reading level books, when you are a kid, turns into reading books for improving yourself as you grow older. From story books - technical management books - self improvement - spirituality and beyond, the journey is fantastic and you learn something with each passing day.You understand your thoughts and emotions more clearly. It makes you profit who you really are and makes your life more meaningful.Reading books will make you a better thinker and a better man.Thanks to technology you can easily find good articles to read on the internet. A great article can inspire and motivate you as much as a great book. Its not how much you read, but what you read which is more important.The only terra firma i recommend reading books over short articles is because when you spend hours with a thought or an idea then its more seeming to stay with you for long time rather than when you spend notwithstanding few minutes tinkering with it.Its easy to read a quote or an article for few minutes than discard it and observe with what you were doing. But when you station your time in reading a good book, you end up spending at to the lowest degree a few hours reflecting on its contents as you read. Thus, its likely to stay with you for a longer time and have some positive influence on you.A good reader also varies his reading pace based on the content he is reading and what he wants to get from it. The purpose of reading pertlys articles is different from reading stories, which is different from reading important documents. Over a period of time, you will understand how to vary your reading pace and comprehension based on what you read and what you want from it.Also, just reading good books is not enough. The way you read it is more important. When you c ome across a new idea or a different opinion, think upon it deeply. Dont accept it or reject it blindly. Try to reason with it and understand the writers point of view.Reflect upon the thoughts that come to your mind whenever you read a great book. You will dwell whether a book is great or not based on the thoughts it awakens inside you.As you continue this habit of reading and reflecting on what you read, you will start forming your own thoughts and values. It will challenge your mind and the thoughts, usance and traditions that you have grown up with.However, there is one thing which you should always remember when you make this a daily habit, as you are investing a part of your life doing it. Too much reading, without any thinking and action isnt of much use. When you know you are ready to do something its time to move to the coterminous step. Actupon what you think is right and what you have decided to do.Its easy to get so much mired in the reading process, that you forget that the main purpose of reading is to make you a better someone which can only happen when you act upon it. Just finishing one book by and by other without any real action from your side wont help you.What kind of person you want to be and what you would ultimately become depend greatly upon the type of content that you read and how much you act upon them.Reading articles that promote negativity, hatred and give wrong information is dangerous. Its better to not read anything at all than read such articles.Whether you read on some electronic device or prefer reading an actual book. Thats your personal choice. Personally, i prefer to read actual books whenever possible. I find that even after hours of reading my eyes feel fresh and full of energy. Thats something i dont find when i read too much on my computer.Before ending this article, i would like to summarize few important points and also suggest some Dos and Donts of reading* Always read your content from a safe distance. un complete too close to your eyes neither too far away from your eyes. * Always prefer timberland over quantity. Better to read one great book than hundred mediocre ones. * Understand aright what you have read and reflect upon it. * Dont accept anything blindly that you read but think for yourself and adjudicate to understand the reason behind whats been written. * Bookmark interesting pages for future reference. You never know when you will need them. * sometimes it takes more than one reading to fully grasp some thing. Dont be disappointed if you dont understand a book in one reading. Maybe when you come back to it the next time, you will get it. * concentre completely on what you are reading. Dont think about other stuff while reading. * If possible, create a favorite spot in your house for reading books. You will feel more relaxed whenever you are there. * And above all, enjoy your reading experience.The habit of reading good content daily will act like an exercise for your m ind and keep you mentally fit and flexible. If you have never given it a try then always remember that its never too late to start a good habit.

The death penalty debate

The closing penalization debateDeath penalisation has been an issue of controversy and debate for ages and one comes across a abundant event of telephone lines for and against ceiling penalization constitution. Capital penalizations were prevalent at one stage or former(a) in the developmental history of legion(predicate) aras and umpteen of them pull in constitution eachy abolished expiration penalization from their culpable justice systems. Advocates of closing penalization in the unite earths consider that expiration penalty is the indigence of the period as homicides and sedate offences atomic number 18 at an increase rate and that the provision for superior penalization hatful act as the strongest corrective measure in a evil prone condition. Besides, in that location argon many who believe that many exonerated lives ass be saved by providing devastation penalty to dreaded evils. The retributive belief that end penalty is essential to prese rve retributive justice whereby clear upers take a shit the full penalisation they deserve and the utilitarian argument that dying penalty deters or is necessary to disable prospective unlawfuls have immensely projected heavy(p) punishments in the demesne. On the other hand, the major argument against expiry penalty is that it is against kind-hearted rights, ethics, and morality. Whatever whitethorn be the arguments for and against the practice, when it comes to implementation of a law such as cap punishment on republic level, it is essential to apportion the pros and cons of death penalty in the nation, the underlying reasons behind the creation of the outstanding punishment, the moral and ethical issues related to it, how much the implementation of it is efficient in fulfilling its purpose, and whether thither are any other picks to achieving the same purposes as that of death penalty. The higher hail of using the expectant punishment and the liabilities it ca uses on the states governance are similarly to be unearthed. In doing so the paper tries to compare and contrast neat punishment with its closest doable alternative- emotional state fetter without any incident for parole. The paper seeks to make a probe into the dissimilar aspects of capital punishment and it emphasises that capital punishment should be abolished in the get together States as it does non deter other criminals, as there is the increase danger of innocents being executed and as the be of execution is higher than that of vivification irons.2 Discussion in that location have been a number of debates over the future of capital punishment in the linked States. However, it is a fact that the opponents as well as the supporters of death penalty system are not entirely satisfied with the current system of capital punishments and the way death penalty is administered in the nation. Even a number of national credit polls have brought about conflicting results with regard to the elimination capital punishments. This has prompted most of the politicians to take a neutral stand in this controversial issue. On the other hand, there are many who favour life magazine imprisonment without any run a risk of parole to death sentencing. In fact, the abolishmentists have played a pivotal role in educating the semipublic of the laws regarding life in prison without parole whereby they seek to convince state that such collide withers leave alone never be released or allowed to commit further deadly crimes (Marzilli 2008, p. 94). They excessively contend that united States should follow the example set by other Western industrialized nations in abolishing capital punishment. There are in addition many who confound that gun control, drug treatment, better schools, and other social programs are much more(prenominal) effective than the death penalty in reducing crime (Marzilli 2008, p. 96). Similarly, one should in addition bear in mind tha t there are several nations that have brought pop crime rates even after abolishing death sentence.abolition of Capital Punishments Pros and Cons It is essential to consider the advantages and disadvantages of capital punishments in the United States. Stephen B. Bright argues that death penalty is an over-the-hill form of punishment which belonged to the primitive ages when prisons and jail systems were limited. He cites the examples of South Africa and Russia, both nations that have abolished death sentencing in the 1990s. According to him, in USA, there are many other factors like racism, poverty, improper police and prosecution practices that decide death penalty for the perpetrator, rather than the seriousness of the crime committed (Bright, 2000, p. 2). To substantiate his argument, Stephen provides a number of instances where the convicts who were sentenced for death penalty were later proved to be innocents and and then points out how the judicial system of the nation co me to hasty conclusions and sentence people for capital punishments. In the same way, in most of the cases the incriminate were not given proper legal assistance and even the mentally retarded people were convicted for capital punishment. Thus, he concludes that there exists fallibility of the motor hotel system of the nation and he exhorts that the government should pay heed to the public demand to abolish death penalty from the nation.On the other hand, the supporters of the capital punishment system consider death penalty as the strongest form of deterrence and preserver of judicial retribution. Ernest van den Haag, a Professor of Jurisprudence at Fordham University, repudiates the arguments of Simon by stating that it would be a failure of the judicial system of the nation if dreaded criminals are not punished for the retribution of their crimes. According to him, the capital punishment acts as the knock- bug out(a) deterrent for the criminal minded people to abstain from cri mes as he believes in the common patronagebone secernate that fear of the death penalty is likely to deter many would-be criminals from committing murder (Haag 2000, p.1). Besides, he holds that sparing criminals from death penalty would pose further threat to many more innocent lives. Thus, the abolitionists argue that the change should take place not in the sentencing of death penalty but the way it is pronounced. The incriminate are to be provided sufficient opportunity to prove his/her innocence irrespective of his/ her colour or monetary status. No hasty decisions are to be taken during trials and and the deserving convicts are to be sentenced for death penalty.While many purport that capital punishments are aimed at deterring prospective criminals from indulging in serious criminal activities, it is sooner paradoxical that death sentence in the United States are inflicted in private, difference no scope for such deterrence. Similarly, one mass too find that crime rat es have not come down in those states where capital punishment prevails offering no evidence that support this deterrence perspective. Bryant (2003, p. 376) makes this clear when the author purports that even though the states are outgo millions of dollars into the death penalty, one screwful notice no resultant reduction in crime rates in these states. In this respect, Sarat argues that capital punishments has become commonplace in America. For him, capital punishments in the states take place in the face of increasing doubts about the reliability and wanness of the capital punishment system, strong criticising from international communities (mainly from democratic nations) and in many cases the issues of the victims innocence are remaining unresolved (Sarat, 2002, p. 13). The author also argues that capital punishments except help to countercheck democratic political institutions and promote revenge rather than reconciliation or social reconstruction. bingle push aside als o notice that death penalty in America is disproportionately directed towards racial minorities (who murder white victims) and in many jurisdictions blacks and Afri seatister Americans are subjected to capital punishments at a rate of 38 percent higher than all others (Sarat, 2002, p. 18).Innocence, Morality and death penalty The growing support for the abolition of death penalty and subsequent priority for life imprisonment is the likelihood of innocent people being pose to death. One can never undermine the possibility of improper conviction and execution of the innocents due to human error the fallibility and frailty of human judgement), perjured testimony and mistaken honest testimony (Hodgkinson Schabas, 2004, p. 11). A significant seek conducted by Bedau, Radelet and Putnam showed that there were almost 416 cases in the United States where the wrong person had been convicted and sentenced to death the underlying reasons for these wrongful convictions varied from perjury b y prosecution witnesses, mistaken eyewitness testimony, community passion against the bearants, failure in police work to overzealous prosecution (Hodgkinson Schabas, 2004, p. 13). All this have culminated in the public demand towards the entree of a moratorium on executions whereby a commission would decide whether it is fair to administer death penalty on the convicted. The Death penalty Information Centre (2002) observes that even though the Federal Government has undertaken keen ascendant measures to minimise the chances of innocent people being executed, it has been identified that almost 102 persons have been released from death rows in versatile states based on evidence of their innocence since 1973 (Bryant 2003, p. 376) and all these evidences call for the need to abolish capital punishment in the nation.Thus, it can be seen that even though the most significant argument against administering death penalty is the possibility of innocent people being executed, the ethic al and human rights issues related to capital system also need to be addressed. Many social scientists, theologians and legal experts explain that capital punishment is virtuously wrong, and thus should be abolished and replaced with more humane but adequate criminal penalties. Simultaneously, social activists and right protection organizations called for a moratorium on death penalty until the American judicial system achieves an acceptable degree of accuracy and ensures highest levels of fairness in capital punishment processes. The ethical concerns with regard to capital punishment system consider it as a way of taking revenge on the perpetrators whereas morality stresses on mercy, compassion and forgiveness. Similarly, the proponents of human rights theories argue that the government does not have the right to take the life of anyone and that the value of life is to be acknowledged. Similarly, there are many who hold that the methods of execution used by the judicial system are brutish and inhumane.History of Capital Punishment in America Ever since the end of the Second World fight one can notice a considerable decline in the rate of capital punishments in the United States. Hood (2002) offers a clear cut statistics of the number of capital punishments in the United States in various decades. During the 1930s the number of people executed in the nation was 1,670 in the 1940s it was brought down to 1,288 and in the 1950s to 717. The number of people executed in the nation was only 21 in 1963, 15 in 1964 and just 2 in 1967. The Supreme Courts verdict in 1972 that ruled all death penalty as unconstitutional as it was being applied in an arbitrary, capricious and sexist manner against the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments of the constitution in Furman v. Georgia case proved to be a land ringer in the history of the criminal judicial system of the nation (Hood, 2002, p. 63). This prompted many of the states to redraft their statutes and frame invigoratedly capital statutes which were ruled as constitutional by the Supreme Court in Gregg v. Georgia and many other cases towards 1976. Since then, there have been debates over whether capital punishments are to be abolished or not. While those states that extend capital punishments for their deterrence effect on prospective criminals, there are 13 jurisdictions in the United States that have abolished capital punishments. In the 1970s there was an increasing public demand to reinstate capital punishments and this paved the way for new mandatory statutes regarding death penalty. Killing a police officer, murder-for-hire, multiple murder, and murder by a life-sentenced inmate became more likely to be followed by death penalties under these new mandatory statutes (Petrezselyem, 2008, p. 15). However, factors such as mental impairment, emotional disturbance and juvenile delinquency were also taken into account in such mandatory capital punishment cases. Even though the abolitionists argued t hat capital punishment in its very nature is cruel and unusual as per the Eighth Amendment of the constitution, the US Supreme court announced its decision on July 2, 1976 in favour of the supporters. However, the mandatory death penalty sentencing was rejected by the Supreme Court as it fails to take into such factors as individual circumstances that led to the crime. In 1971, the Supreme Court ruled in the Coker v. Georgia case that it was unconstitutional to provide death penalty for rape cases. However, The Violent Control Act of 1994 made capital punishment a discretionary penalty for offences other than murder cases. However, towards the last decade of the 20th century there was an increased difference of picture on the legitimacy of capital punishment among the juries in the Supreme Court as well as the common public which led to controversies and debates over the abolition of capital punishment in the nation. Similarly, public opinion also has varied from time to time in pu blic polls with regard to the abolition of capital punishments. The methods of execution in the United States vary from lethal injection, electrocution, gas chamber, hanging to fervidness squad the statistics on execution in the United States since 1976 show that there were 654 executions through lethal injection whereas there were only 10 executions by electrocution, 11 by gas chamber, 3 by hanging and two via firing squad (Bryant 2003, p. 370). Abolitionists argue the death penalty is cruel and inhumane primarily because of the methods used. The pictures of the old and newly renovated San Quentin prison Death Chambers are given belowCapital Punishment and its Cost One necessarily to consider the huge amount of money spent on capital punishments and studies have shown that the cost of death penalty is much higher compared to other forms of punishment. In this respect Mandery (2005) observes that the increasing be of capital punishment are actually making America less safe and t hat it has dress the nation at the danger of economic and financial liabilities. The author observes that the state of California which had little money for innovations like community policing is spending an extra $90 million per year on capital punishment whereas Texas, which spends on capital punishment an estimated $2.3 million per case has the highest murder rate in the nation (Mandery, 2005, p. 116). These statistics clearly demonstrate that there exists no cost-benefit analysis for the huge sums of money spend on administering death penalty.It is also imperative to compare the cost of capital punishment with that of life imprisonment without parole and researches have shown that death penalty is much more big-ticket(prenominal) than its closest alternative-life imprisonment with no parole. As Mandery observes, Capital trials are longer and more expensive at every step than other murder trials. Pre-trial motions, expert witness investigations, jury selection, and the necessit y for two trials-one on guilt and one on sentencing-make capital cases extremely costly, even before the appeals process begins (Mandery, 2005, p. 116). One can also see that many of the capital punishments end up in life imprisonment even though the government needs to spend huge amount of money for the prosecution and trials. A comparative and contrastive analysis of the cost of death penalty and life imprisonment without parole shows that the death penalty is actually two or three times more expensive than that of life imprisonment. Barkan Bryjak put it, capital cases are extremely time-consuming costly than life imprisonment procedures as they involve various procedures at the pre-trial and trial stages unlike non-capital cases similarly, appeals following conviction also become mandatory, time-consuming and costly in capital cases (Barkan Bryjak 2010, p. 447). All these prove that the federal and state governments can benefit a lot from the abolition of capital punishment and the huge amount of money spend on death capital cases can be used for the effective prevention of crimes such as the employment of community policing.Capital punishments are also causing financial burden to the local governments and various counties. Very often, the county governments become responsible for the costs of prosecution, appeals for defending the poor convicts, and in their criminal trials. The far reaching effects of this increasing cost for capital punishment for the nation are many and varied. The puffy sum of money spend on death penalty not only is reflected in the shrinking budget for crime prevention but also in other developmental and health care projects. Similarly, these costs of capital punishment pose great financial trouble to the tax payers also. Mandery, in this respect, observes that in Texas taxpayers need to pay an average of $ 2.3 million towards death penalty case costs which is about three times the cost of imprisoning one at the highest shelter l evel for 40 years and in Florida the cost for each execution is $3.2 million (2005, p. 117). Thus, one can easily come to the conclusion that the high costs of capital prosecution in the nation has indecorous and long lasting effects on its local, State and Federal government budgets. All these call for the need to substitute death penalties with life-without-parole sentences whereby the nation can utilize the high cost of death penalty system for better crime prevention measures and other purposes. (Baumgartner, Boef Boydstun 2008, p. 229).Life imprisonment over death penalty Moral, sacred and legal issues have always been an issue with regard to punishment of criminal activities of citizens of a country or a region. Some legal systems consider both life imprisonment and death penalty art object others take a stand that taking a life of a human being is morally and ethically wrong (Gildenhuys 2004, p. 17). Given the various factors mentioned above, this section views awarding l ife imprisonment without parole as an effective alternative to capital punishments for any crimes. The factors that will be taken into consideration are the military strength in prevention of crime in awarding death sentences versus life imprisonment. The legal factors followed in the US are not considered here because statutes regarding the two factors differ between different states.Proponents of death penalty state that executions will help to deter crime and will also remove the criminal from committing further crimes (Baumgartner, Boef Boydstun 2008, p. 246). exploit in a verdict of death penalty is irreversible and does not offer a chance to the concerned individual to a life of redemption and regret apart from the fact that judicial errors may creep in such sentencing and subsequent executions (Hood 2004, p. 95). Once a person is executed it is not manageable that he or she will redeem or change their attitudes and make an attempt to come back into the mainstream society. The above observation also indicates that judicial errors can result in wrongful conviction of innocent persons which could be proved as wrong in the course of time which is possible in life imprisonment. One compelling argument against death penalty is that it promotes official homicide or murder or in other words, endorses unofficial criminal acts (Robertson 2002, p. 2). In other words, it could be said that official execution will only contribute to develop an attitude that will endorse unofficial or civilian criminal acts.Another factor that favours a lighter sentence like life imprisonment over capital punishment is provided by Hodgkinson and Schabas. The reason is that there is an increase of unfairness in awarding of capital punishment for the same type of crimes in the United States (Hodgkinson Schabas 2004, p. 208). The authors state the following factors that contribute to this development over the years. Courts in the US find it increasingly tricky to appoint counsels to represent death-row inmates in the country. In other words, able people who can argue for a lesser punishment are often seen as difficult and hence can be considered to be unfair to such convicted people. Those counsels appointed are not only incompetent, but also are often accused of unethical behaviour themselves. This is an indication that competent counsels are reluctant to represent such cases and also that those who come forward will go any lengths to defend their clients. According to the authors, another aspect of this lack of fairness is that economically backward sections of the community are affect more under such circumstances. In other words, a proper investigation which could provide glib-tongued evidence against providing capital punishment to such sections through proper investigations and arguments is not available. The inherent problem is that a jury comprised of common citizens may award a preliminary death penalty and such people do not have the power to co unter it. The lack of understanding of the acts of psychologically disturbed persons is also an issue in this instance (Fleiner Fleiner-Gerster 1999, p. 64).Statistics over the years show that sentencing to death and actual executions have shown a disturbing trend in recent years. Figures ranging from the 1950s to 1970s show that the actual number of sentencing was quite low in the 1950s, but the subsequent carrying out of executions were high during this period (Barkan Bryjak 2010, p. 443). Both sentencing and actual executions came down during the 1970s. But as mentioned earlier, both sentencing and executions have actually increased after the 1970s in the United States. This could be due to the increasing number of crimes in the modern society and a change in judicial outlook on the concept of implementing (and executing) death penalty. The fact is that awarding of capital punishment does not seem to have an effect on criminal activities in a particular society. For example, st udies on crime over the past century in New York does not provide any real evidence that death sentence providesany real deterrence to crime when compared to life imprisonment (Owens, Carlson, Elshtain, 2004, p. 241). Thus, it can be conclude that capital punishment and subsequent execution is not a deterrent and a solution for criminal activities in the United States. Whatever may be the reasons that the perpetuators of crimes act in a particular appearance harmful to the society, it is felt that they should be given a chance to change their outlook and attitudes. This is not possible in the case of capital punishments and executions. But a life imprisonment may provide them with a chance to transform through effective counselling and support and above all the government can save a large sum of capital invested in death penalties which can be use in other sectors.3 ConclusionsHaving critically analysed the various pros and cons of the capital punishment system in the United Sta tes one can come to the conclusion that death penalty should be abolished in the nation. First of all, the large sum of money spent on capital punishments not only adversely affects the budget systems of the local, State and Federal governments but it also does not have any positive impact on reducing the crime rates in such states that have not yet abolished the system. Similarly, studies have clearly show that the capital punishment system does not help to deter further similar crimes in the United States. The study also has shown that life imprisonment without any possibility for parole could be an ideal alternative to death penalties as it is comparatively less costly and provides an opportunity for innocent victims to prove their innocence. Life time imprisonment is also desirable as the dreaded criminals will never be allowed to indulge in similar dreaded crimes as they will not be offered any sorts of parole and it can also have a deterring effect on the society. The moral an d ethical considerations also favour life imprisonment without parole as the method of punishment value both human life, human rights and ethical codes.Similarly, life time imprisonment without parole also helps the judicial system to make sure that no innocents are being executed. The innocent victims get opportunity to prove their innocence even though justice can be delayed to them. Death penalty, in its implementation level is subject to a number of drawbacks and hence it is recommended that the nation abolish the system and substitute it with its closest possible alternative-life imprisonment without any possibility for parole. It can also be seen that life imprisonment is capable of providing sufficient retribution for ones crimes and that it has also got the potential to deter further crimes. It is high time that the United States makes meaningful constitutional amendments so as to implement the abolition of capital punishments. For this, the abolitionists need to go a long way towards creating awareness among the public, the jury and the political leaders. They also need to build public opinion in favour of the abolition of death penalty in the nation and the present trends in the nation show positive signs towards such a land mark in the judicial and constitutional history of the United States. Thus, it can be concluded that that capital punishment should be abolished in the United States as it does not deter other criminals, as there is the increased risk of innocents being executed and as the cost of execution is higher than that of life imprisonment.