The Death Penalty Is Unfair And Should Be Eliminated Essay

The death penalty can be summed up entirely in one word, bias. For a country that prides itself on â€Å"justice for all† and â€Å"all men are created equal†, the death penalty falls short of such boast. The subsequent arguments are not formulated to defend the individual and their horrific crime, rather they are presented in order to support why the death penalty is unfair and should be eliminated. If such brutish punishment if seen as just for the crime committed, should it not apply equally to all, regardless of race? The debate of whether the death penalty is inappropriate has been been thoroughly investigated for many years by scholars and journalists alike. I shall defend my position against this sanction based on erroneous convictions, racial biases, and the the high costs associated with the prosecution and detention of death row inmates. According to the Texas penal code those found guilty of the following offense, â€Å"capital murder: including murder of a police officer, firefighter, prison guard, or child younger than the age of six; murder for hire; murder committed with certain other felonies; mass murder† are either sentenced to death or given a life sentence deprived of parole (Powerpoint chpt.13 slide 4). Interestingly, more than 63% of Americans agree with the death penalty, but what is more surprising is their reason which is based on the old saying â€Å"an eye for an eye† (Swift). This saying has a religious background and can be found in the Holy Bible (NewShow MoreRelated Capital Punishment Essay1685 Words   |  7 PagesCapital Punishment Works Cited Not Included Capital Punishment was basically thought of for the good of society. The objective of Capital Punishment is to stop people from committing violent and offensive acts. Capital Punishment or the death penalty has failed however, to prevent or discourage crime. Moreover, it is cruel and gruesome. At present there are five methods of execution. The most commonly used form of execution is by lethal injection. In this method the convict is first injectedRead MoreEssay on Captial Punishment930 Words   |  4 Pagesdo not agree with the way that the law thinks that problem should be handled through the death penalty. The bad part about the death penalty is that innocent people are executed, there is racism in the death penalty, the mentally retarded are executed, and the death penalty is costly. As long as the death penalty is maintained, the risk of executing the innocent can never be eliminated. People who are found guilty and sentenced to death row can truly be innocent. It is said by Amnesty InternationalRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Be Abolished1647 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Death Penalty Information Center, 31 States in the United States allow the death penalty and 19 states do not allow the death penalty (â€Å"Deterrence†). The death penalty should be abolished in our society because it is not an effective crime deterrent, it puts a strain on our economy, it may result in the loss of innocent lives, and it is racial discrimination. Death Penalty brought to United States by Britain. When European colonists came to the new world, they brought the practice of Death PenaltyRead MoreTaking a Look at Capital Punishment1080 Words   |  4 Pages Since 1608, legal systems have used capital punishment as justice. â€Å"As of November 2014, 32 states have the death penalty. There have been a total of 1348 executions from January 1977 to the end of 2014† (capitalpunishmentuk). The capital punishment only affects those who sentenced in the crime of rape or murder. The most popular death method is lethal injection. There are other options such as â€Å"electrocution, hanging, shooting, and the gas chamber† (capitalpunishmentuk) but theses alternativeRead MoreEssay on Fair Punishment and the Death Penalty739 Words   |  3 PagesPunishment and the Death Penalty 94 federal attorneys have the power to submit a case to Janet Reno (Willing 3A). These attorneys seek the death penalty for these cases, and why should they not? Whys should one who has taken a life, or even several, deserve the air that they breathe? Capital punishment is a harsh punishment created for people who have committed harsh crimes. The death penalty should be used to punish violent criminals. Some believe that capital punishment is unfair. Reno saysRead MoreShould The Us Stop Using The Death Penalty?1599 Words   |  7 PagesShould the US stop using the death penalty? Capital punishment is a legal authorization to kill someone for a crime they have committed. The death penalty has been the highest form of criminal punishment in the American judicial system since the 13 colonies. It has taken the form of hanging, stoning, drowning, burning, beheading, gassing, electrocution, and injection. The taking of a man s life as penance for criminal behavior is wrong. The moral injustice of murder, the cruelty of execution, andRead More Capital Punishment Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Death Penalty an Effective Punishment? Is the Death Penalty an Effective Punishment? Yes. In at least one important respect, it is. It simply cannot be argued that a killer, once executed, can ever kill again. The Death Penalty does not stop people from killing others. The only thing it does stop is killers from killing people again. Some statistics indicate that Capital Punishment has killed more blacks then whites and more poor then rich. There is nothing wrong with the Death Penalty.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;IfRead MoreCapital Punishment and its Controversies 1434 Words   |  6 PagesCapital punishment uses death penalty as a form of punishment in many states and countries. It is a practice that has raised endless questions all over the world. Capital punishment or death penalty policy has changed in many countries overtime. Countries such as, New Australia, Zealand and 15 states in the US do not have capital punishment. One of the major concerns arising with capital punishment is because it causes ending of a human life. People and organizations of different backgrounds areRead MoreThe Death Penalty Should Not Be Legal1300 Words   |  6 Pages Madison Hobley was sentenced to death based on a coerced confession. He was wrongly accused of starting a fire, which killed his wife and child and some others (Six). He was tortured by the police, they hand cuffed him to a wall ring and beat him, then he was taken downtown, where he was handcuffed to a chair and kicked by Sgt. Patrick Garrity (Six). Then they suffocated him with a typewriter cover until he blacked out (Six). Hobley never confessed and nor was he evidence proven that he didRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Not Justice1509 Words   |  7 Pagesjustice.† -Desmond Tutu The death penalty is a legal punishment practiced worldwide, which includes execution being the punishment, mandated to someone convicted of a crime. The death penalty has existed since 1700 B.C. when the Code of Hammurabi was a legal document in ancient Babylonia. Ever since the Code of Hammurabi many countries have adopted this punishment including the United States. When European settlers came to America, Americans obtained the death penalty. During the establishment of

1)Name The Ways That The U.S. Judiciary Is Restricted In

1) Name the ways that the U.S. judiciary is restricted in deciding cases. How do these restrictions affect the legal environment? The judiciary system is defined by Article III in the Constitution and Section 2 describes the powers and limitations that court system has. The purpose of the judiciary is to handle interpretations of the laws created by the constitution and any disputes that arises between parties, cases may be brought to the court, the court cannot create cases. There are 3 levels in the court system, which is true for the state judiciary as well as the Federal level. The two lower levels attempt resolve issues while lessoning the burden on the supreme courts. The lowest level of court is the district court aka trial courts,†¦show more content†¦Once a judge has been appointed, their only source of input when making decisions is the laws that were created. They are not supposed to be influenced by outside forces, such as, media or politicians. Because of this there is a natural buffer from decisions being my by majority rule and instead left up to the individual judge. Since this is a che ck on a balance of power I see no issue with this method, if there is an issue that rises they judge can be removed. So, this non majority based system of power is a good compliment to the other two forms of (mostly) majority institutions, the Congress and the Executive banches. 3) The way the U.S. Supreme Court uses judicial review varies between judicial restraint and judicial activism. Discuss what both of these approaches seek to achieve in deciding legal issues. The approach of judicial restraint seeks to only act when there is a clear violation of connotational law. The idea is that the way the constitution was written represents a clearly defined law and that unless there is a compelling and glaring violation based on fact not emotion or political view, that the law need not be â€Å"reinterpreted†. When judicial activism is used the emotions and political views of the justices may have influence over their decision making and rulings. The idea is that constitutional law must be reviewed and reevaluated because each case is different and the law being challenged must beShow MoreRelatedWhy The Congress Is Responsible With The Representative Responsibility As Well As Having Legislative Functions1967 Words   |  8 PagesSurname 1 Name Course Professor’s Name Date Due Response to Question One The congress is charged with the representative responsibility as well as having legislative functions as well. However overtime, the congress has become unpopular among American citizens, which can be attributed to one major factor. The general reason why many American citizens do not seem to agree with it is based on the fact that they are of the opinion that Congress is performing its job. As at 2008 during the summer,Read MoreTherapeutic Jurisprudence And The Uniform Code Of Military Justice7095 Words   |  29 Pagessuggesting reform within the UCMJ is one article calling for TJ involving a soldier who suffered from PTSD. The soldier, unrepresented by counsel was chaptered out of the military but not before being demoted, reductions in pay, assigned extra duty and restricted to quarters. This type of punishment is standard operating procedure in the military. To those of us who have served in the military this punishment is the norm. Despite recent calls for constitutional protections in a military court of law,Read MoreTherapeutic Jurisprudence And The Uniform Code Of Military Justice7095 Words   |  29 Pagessuggesting reform within the UCMJ is one article calling for TJ involving a soldier who suffered from PTSD. The soldier, unrepresented by counsel was chaptered out of the military but not before being demoted, reductions in pay, assigned extra duty and restricted to quarters. This type of punishment is standard operating procedure in the military. To those of us who have served in the military this punishment is the norm. Despite recent calls for constitutional protections in a military court of law,Read More Analysis of The Brady Bill Essay4298 Words   |  18 Pageswhere the possession of guns is strictly restricted by laws. While watching television news reports on the Brady debate, I wondered what was making it so hard for this gun control bill to pass in this gun violence ridden country. In this paper, I will trace the bills seven year history in Congress, which I hope will reveal how partisan politics played a crucial role in the Brady bills passage in this policy making branch.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Brady bill took its name from Jim Brady, the former press secretary Read MoreGreat Inventors Changed our World3233 Words   |  13 Pages1.Eli Whitney was born in Westborough, Massachusetts in 1765. As a child he had a talent for machinery, he worked as a blacksmith, invented a nail-making machine, he then attended Yale college and graduated with a degree in engineering. Eli Whitney is an American inventor who is best known for his invention of the cotton gin as it was one of the most influential inventions during the Industrial Revolution shaping the economy of the Antebellum North and South. The invention of the Cotton gin madeRead MoreHabeas Corpus : Historical Background3278 Words   |  14 PagesArticle I of the Constitution. This clause, which has been the basis of much substantial debate, does not actually establish the right of habeas corpus. Instead, it prevents the U.S. Congress from restricting it (Binney 2004). The writ of habeas corpus was codified by statute in the United States with the passage of the Judiciary Act of 1789, which applied exclusively to individuals in the custody of the Executive Branch of the government-it did not apply those held by the states. Ultimately, habeasRead MoreComparison of the British Parliament and the American Congress7381 Words   |  30 Pageswhich have the same language, but their politics is quite different. In general A parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system derived from that of the United Kingdom. The name is derived from the French parlement, the action of parler (to speak) : a parlement is a talk, a discussion, hence a meeting (an assembly, a court) where people discuss matters. While all parliaments are legislatures, not all legislatures are parliamentsRead Moretexas constution11227 Words   |  45 Pages Texas Politics - The Constitution go back 1. Introduction 1.1 Looking Ahead 2. Constitutions in Texas History 2.1 The State of Coahuila y Tejas, Estados Unidos Mexicanos 2.2 The Republic of Texas 2.3 The State Constitution of 1845 2.4 The Confederate Constitution of 1861 2.5 The Constitution of 1866 2.6 The Radical Republican Constitution of 1869 2.7 The Draft Constitution of 1874 and the Convention of 1875 3. The Texas Constitution Today 3.1 State Constitutions Read MoreUnderground Economy4900 Words   |  20 Pages There are various methods for estimating underground economy. The optimum method for a country depends on the features of its economy, and its tax and legal system. Based on some common features, the methods can be classified in the following way: a) Direct methods: †¢ surveys, †¢ tax audit. b) Indirect methods: †¢ tax statistics and national accounts difference, †¢ income-expenditure difference – a macro-approach, †¢ income-expenditure difference – a micro-approach, †¢ labour market, †¢Read MoreThesis on Print Media16077 Words   |  65 Pages.......................................... iv ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................†¦ v CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE OF RESEARCH..........................1 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ................................................................................................

Purpose and Value of Academic Research Management

Question: Discuss about the Purpose and Value of Academic Research Management. Answer: Introduction: The relationship between organizational commitment and human resource management is critical for enhancing the performance level of the organization. Organizational commitment represents the psychology that is associated with the organization. Therefore, it creates direct impact on the factors like turnover, job performance and behavior. Therefore, the study has tried to evaluate the relationship between organizational commitment and HRM practices of the organizations situated in Turkey. Main body: As per the article by Chuang, Chen Chuang (2013) human resource practices help organizations to develop a healthy working atmosphere at the workplace. Therefore, it has great influence on the enhancement of the performance level of the organization. On the other hand, organizational commitment is an indicator that signifies whether practices of HRM able to develop the psychological links between employee and organizational goals. Therefore, it can be assessed that the link between HRM practices and organizational commitment has direct impact on the performance level of the organization (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). In this research study, the prime question is to evaluate how the relationship between HRM practices and organizational commitment can affect the performance level of the employees. However, there is no unique way to evaluate the relationship between these two factors. Therefore, the research study has tried to identify the best possible way to measure the relationship between the HRM practices and organizational commitment. The prime question that the study explored is to evaluate the way by which the relationship between organizational commitment and HRM practices can actually enhance the performance level of the organization. The research study has also focused on the evaluation of the relationship as it is regarded as an intangible asset of an organization. The research study has also tried to explore different types of intangible performance measures so that the study can able to analyze each factors in a much more effective way. The research study has also tried to highlight the significance of human resource department for maintaining its operational processes at the expected level. For the successful evaluation of the research study, Pfeffers scale of HRM practices and Mowday Steers organizational commitment scale has been utilized (Alfes et al., 2013). The research study has included 10 organizations to implement the pilot study. The research study has also utilized survey technique through the utilization of questionnaire in order to collect accurate information from the senior management of different organizations. In order to evaluate the impact of HRM practices and organizational commitment on the performance level, the study has randomly selected 250 organizations of Turkey from 4 major sectors. Total 56 questions have developed for collecting all the relevant information about the research topic. The study utilizes quantitative data collection technique. I believe that quantitative data collection technique will be able to depict clear picture regarding the significance of the relationship between HRM practices and organizational commitment. For that re ason, it has utilized Likert scale at the time of collecting relevant information about the research topic. SPSS has also been used in this study so that it can actually able to evaluate all the factors related to the study in a much more effective way (Ã…Å ¾endoÄÅ ¸du, Kocabacak Gven, 2013). I believe utilization of these techniques will be able to evaluate the collected information regarding the research topic in an effective way. Conclusion: The analysis of the study highlighted that the positive correlation between organizational commitment and HRM practices is necessary for the enhancement of the performance level. The study has described an in-depth research process through which different factors can be evaluated in an effective manner. Furthermore, the study has described an effective way of data collection that can actually add value to the research study. References: Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., Soane, E. C. (2013). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model.The international journal of human resource management,24(2), 330-351. Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Chuang, C. H., Chen, S. J., Chuang, C. W. (2013). Human resource management practices and organizational social capital: The role of industrial characteristics.Journal of Business Research,66(5), 678-687. Ã…Å ¾endoÄÅ ¸du, A. A., Kocabacak, A., Gven, Ã…Å ¾. (2013). The relationship between human resource management practices and organizational commitment: A field study.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,99, 818-827.

Love Sex and Relationships free essay sample

Sex, and Lasting Relationships by Ingram â€Å"Love is the state in which man sees things most widely different from what they are. † -Nietzsch Many times we just forgo some of the warnings of love and we fall into infatuation. Our love is biased, meaning we don’t let time indicate the growth of our love, we often forget that love is centered in the partner, that we need to grow everyday in order to have a better relationship with God and each other. Sometimes we fall in love with two people, when true love focuses on one, we often follow our flesh. Many times we feel insecure about our partner, when in true love we don’t even have to think about deceive. We very often try to skip the obstacles instead of fighting together, we let distance become an obstacle, is it real love? In general we are a generation of the present, when getting into a relationship; we forget that an important thing is to think about the future together, driven by our media and our sex centered society it is really easy to get overwhelmed by a miss leaded definition of love. We will write a custom essay sample on Love Sex and Relationships or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ove has three main components: those of the spirit, mind, and body. Ingram calls these agape, phileo, and eros: selfless love, a beautiful friendship, and physical love. Interestingly, and according to what I see in our society and in what is portrayed in the media†¦ love is eros, more and more erotic scenes, more and more body involved, less talk more action, what is that? Our societies conception of love, seemingly, has fallen into a selfish flesh satisfying â€Å"Love†. I mean it is well understood that love comes first through our eyes, and that this physical attraction is a very important part of a relationship, but love cannot stand on it itself, if we are driven only by eros, we are more averse to fall into sinning by cheating on our partners, our view of Though to help eros, there is â€Å"phileo†, or companionship. This love is the kind of love needed to get to know each other well, sometimes we are just rushed by our emotions and we step into a relationship we did not mean to get into. Firstly we need to spend time with each other, but spending time itself is nothing, unless we share our lives openly, and freely. We need to have this companionship were we play games, we share our happiness and our sadness, what pastors often call quality time. By listening to my friends, those who are in a relationship, I have noticed that all the talks they have with their partners (be them couples or just friends), are very superficial, arrogant and self-centered, meaning there is also a third component for love to be fulfilled. The third component of love is the so called â€Å"Agape†, the selfless love, the not infatuated. And I really like how the author puts it â€Å"giving others the most when they deserve the less†. And better defined in 1 Corinthians 13. Are we in love or infatuated? â€Å"Indeed, steamy starts do not promote our best thinking. Intense emotions often block us from taking a careful and objective look at ourselves, the person we are dating, and the relationship we are forming.

Vocational Education Essay Example For Students

Vocational Education Essay There are many challenges that a nation must face. One is preparing theyouth for the careers of tomorrow. Vocational Education prepares the young peoplefor successful careers. The contextual learning teaches concepts as they areapplied in real life and the world of work, hands-on problem solving activities/exercises. Linking secondary and post secondary vocational education programs into a seamlesscareer preparation program. Young people used to find it much easier to enter the job market than they do today. We will write a custom essay on Vocational Education specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Most jobs today require a combination of critical thinking and manual capabilities. Employers are dissatisfied with the preparation of entry level workers. The employersfeel the expand and improve the career preparation offered by our nationssecondary schools are a must. WHAT IS WORKINGThe 1994 National Assessment of Vocational Education (NAVE) shows thatparticipation in Vocational Education can have substantial payoffs for students,particularly when students complete a program or coherent sequences of courses. High school graduates who complete a coherent sequence of vocational courses are morelikely to find training related jobs, earn more in those jobs, and are less likely to beunemployed over time than those with a more general background. Post secondarystudents who complete non-baccalaureate degree vocational programs receive moremarket benefits than those who complete the same number of credits, but does notMorris 2complete a degree program. In recent years, Federal support has strengthened state andlocal development of promising new approaches that address the readiness oflarge segments of American youth to take up productive roles in todays workplace. The School-to-Work Opportunities Act broadens the meaning of curriculum by callingfor integrated learning organized into coherent sequences around broadly convergedcareer majors, work experience, as well as academics and occupational study. School-to-work systems is driven by the recognition that neither academics not occupationaleducation alone provides all students with the skills ? problem-solving, reasoning,interactive learning-necessary for further education and for high wage employment. Integrated learning also restores meaning and relevance to the students experience ofschooling. Transforming what in too many high schools is a disjointed series of coursesinto a meaningfully integrated, experientially grounded education that continuallydemonstrates to students how education applied to real life. Integrated learning is also ateaching strategy that more closely matches human cognition than traditional high schoolclass work. The development of integrated curriculum requires collaborative planning amongschool administrators, academics and occupational teachers, employers, and labor unions. School-to-Work partnership meetings also provide opportunities for building theseconnections. This strategy has a long term potential for providing students withvocational education experiences that raises both their motivation and achievements,while also preparing them for employment and post secondary education. Many statesMorris 3across the nation are undertaking these promising directions as the cornerstone for majorreforms to improve workforce preparation in secondary and post secondary education. REFERENCESVocational Education, http://www.ed.gov/updates/Working/voc-educ. 9/5/97Curriculum Integration in School-to-Work Systems, http://www.stw.ed.gov/factsht/bull,9/5/97

Code Of Hammurabi

Code Of Hammurabi The Code of Hammurabi is considered the earliest known legal document in its entirety, which is a collection of laws and edicts of the Babylonian king Hammurabi. It was uncovered by a pair of French archaeologists at Sussa, Iraq during 1901. Hammurabi established this law code in attempt to establish justice in his hand. He was basically trying to unify his people by having them follow a specific code that included moral values, economic activity, and everyday life.˜ Main Features of the Legal System The code is composed of 28 sections, which appears to be an amendment to the common law of Babylonian. First, it begins with the proper directions for legal procedures and the statements of penalties for unjust accusations, false testimony, and corruption among judges. After, follows laws involving property rights, loans, deposits, debts, domestic property, and family rights. Then follows laws indicating the punishment to physicians causing malpractice or damages caused in other trade s or professions.Code_of_Hammurabi.jpgThe Code of Hammurabi states that the basis of criminal law is that of equal retaliation, or in other words, "an eye for an eye. The law offers protection to all citizens of Babylonian of every class. The laws provide cover for the weak and the poor, including women, children, and even slaves against injustice at the hand of the rich and the powerful.˜ Examples of Laws 1. Anyone who bring an accusation against a man, and the accused go to the river and leap into the river, if he sink in the river his accuser shall take possession of his house. But if the river prove that the accused is not guilty, and he escape unhurt, then he who had brought the accusation shall be put to death, while he who leaped into the river shall take...

I would like the picture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

I would like the picture - Essay Example Two small grey outlines on the bottom left look like people, and this gives an impression of the huge scale of the buildings. There is enough detail to work out the windows, the outline of the buildings, and the human figures, but beyond that the picture has more of an abstract look than a representational one. The rows of windows, for example, are just smudges, and there are very rough brush strokes indicating the contours of the objects in the picture. Outlines such as the left side of the building on the right are not exactly straight, and this gives the picture a fluid and dynamic look. A striking feature of this picture is the way that all the tones are soft and the dominant color is a pale pink. Yellow and blue tones, such as those on the roof portions of the two buildings in the center and right, complement the pink, and they rise out quite well from the background as if to point to the pale pink sky. There is, however, no stark color contrast. Even the grey dark grey tones are muted, so that there is a sense of unity and calm despite the busy urban subject matter. Audrey Ushenko’s painting of a restaurant scene presents a multitude of details which are difficult to capture all at once. There are strong dividing lines between different areas of the painting and this creates an impression of multiple smaller pictures arranged together into a composite larger scene. The bottom half of the painting is dominated by crowds of human figures. They are posed in groups, as if talking to each other, and this creates a confusion of connections, forcing the viewer to look closely at the faces in order to work out what is going on. The use of perspective and scale is very interesting in this picture. The bottom left corner is the largest, and appears to represent an upper tier of the restaurant. The bottom right of the painting is in a smaller scale, suggesting that this may be a lower level of the restaurant. This means that the brown dividers can be

Why does China support North Korea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Why does China support North Korea - Essay Example The Korean Peninsula is very tiny compared to the size of United States. North Korea is located in the northern part of the Peninsula and shares borders with the People’s Republic of China along the Yalu River. North Korea stays between the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Korea. North Korea has a firm idea of self-reliance (Chaju), self-sufficiency (Charip), and self-defense and does not make relations with capitalist or imperialist countries like South Korea for a long time. As most people may know, North Korea is one of the most isolated countries in the world today. Since the summit between North and South Korea in 2000, the relations of them has been increased so much. The relationship of them was formed much after World War II and still has a great deal of its foreign policy evident from its recent developments. However, North Korea does not have a good relations with the United States and it makes North Korea’s relations with other countries since 2001 (Coleman, 2010). Even though the Juche Ideology of Kim has an emphasis on self-sufficiency, North Korea has been getting help from China and does trade with other countries in spite of their ideology. Despite of their isolation, according to the statistics from IMF(International Moneytary Fund), it showed that North Korea had some trade with 80 of the 182 major countries. Because North Korea cannot produce enough quantities of their daily needs things or technology, the foreign countries especially China’s economic sector has a very crucial role for them. However, North Korea needs to find sources of foreign exchange other than from their overtly traded exports for paying the imports because they do not export enough to pay for their imports which causes them deficit. According to Nanto & Avery, some experts pointed out that North Korea kind of forces the United States, South Korea, Japan, etc for the

The important of Civic Engagement & social capital and community Essay

The important of Civic Engagement & social capital and community capacity of Civic Engagement - Essay Example Moreover, it would also entail a brief description of the overall activities of the project; that is, the specific activities that will be undertaken in the project and how they may impact on the local communities. The introductory section would also describe the ways in which the local communities may be engaged in the development project and the pertinence of using the identified engagement methods. Additionally, brief information concerning the period that would be taken to engage the local communities and the specific departments where the local communities shall be engaged. Engagement of the local Community: Under this section, information concerning the pertinence of engaging local communities in any public development shall be discussed. It would also entail provision of case studies, in a brief manner concerning past successful development projects that undertook civic engagements in their development projects. Negative impacts that might arise in case the public is not engaged in the development project shall also be elaborated. Consequently, information regarding associated costs of engaging the local community in the development project shall also be discussed i.e. the amount of financial resources that may be needed to engage the local community. The potential roles that could be played by the local communities shall also be described in this section for instance; provision of local construction materials, assessment of possible conflict that could occur and developing solutions, awareness creation concerning the importance of the development project within the city, identification of community perception concerning the development project as well as seeking the support of the community concerning the road development project. Role of project developers in the civic engagement: Information regarding the roles

Human Resource Strategy and Operational Planning

Human Resource Strategy and Operational Planning Introduction: I will explore the theoretical and practical sides of the relationship between the   and development in the retail and hospitality industry, in order to determent an overall view of the subject. I will draw upon many cases, researches, and literatures to get the best possible knowledge that is necessary for an independent evaluation of this topic. I will take Tesco, Hilton and Holiday Inn as an example of todays average but highly successful corporation and investigate the companys past and current human resource strategies and the reasons behind their strategic decisions. Through the essay I look into the human capital management, business performance, model of comparative SHRM, strategy evaluation, HR links between missions and goals of the organizations and further related topics. Strategic human resource management can be defined as the linking of human resources with strategic goals and objectives in order to improve business performance and develop organizational culture that foster innovation, flexibility and competitive advantage. In an organisation SHRM means accepting and involving the HR function as a strategic partner in the formulation and implementation of the companys strategies through HR activities such as recruiting, selecting, training and rewarding personnel. My first area of focus is on how to accurately staff, manage, and organize a business trough human resource function. First of all by recognizing the portfolio of the corporation at the, operational, managerial and strategic level. Than arrange the human resource department to reflect the, strategic, managerial and operational requirements of the organization. The most important structural variations of the corporation also stand on the corporations recruiting procedure. Position posting, succession forecasting and management development offer the HR department a chance to bring a measure of integration to the recruiting procedure and to have power over the internal movement of the corporations human resources. It is especially significant that staffing for all level of position and the domestic movement of employees be coordinated with the strategic concerns of the business. The portfolio of the business will make a significant input to the progress of a businesss recruiting strateg y if it turn out to be the driving force in the staffing, promotion plans programs development and selection. Management between the businesss recruiting ways and its strategic plans can improve the businesss ability to get used to environmental conditions. However the business is likely to recruit with folks who have the similar characteristics to those managers who are presently working within it. Little conscious attention is paid to identifying the characteristics most congruent with different organizational configurations. (Galbraith and Nathanson,1978). Many businesses including local shops in Edinburgh owned by the Asian community has face the challenge of developing greater confidence, solutions finding, initiative, and trouble solving capabilities among their employees which is a enormous problem as those convenient stores are the backbone of the economy (Dr Rita Welsh). Businesses need employees at every levels to be more resourceful, independent, creative and self sufficient. These behaviours allow employees to function at superior strategic level, which makes businesses more competitive and productive. Peoples efforts generate greater results. Its what every business attempt to accomplish. Although conventional skills training provides employees new methods and techniques, it will not build their belief, maturity or courage, which is necessary for the development of strategic and managerial capabilities so HR departments often do presentations and workshops regarding the above mentioned topics. As I said earlier companies try to train their staff to be more self-sufficient so less supervision would be required, in other terms empower them. Employee empowerment is a expression used to express the ways in which employees without managerial positions can make independent decisions without the need of confirmation from a boss/manager. These independent decisions can be large or small depending upon the level of power with which the organization wants to invest the member of staff. Personnel empowerment can start with training as I have mentioned above and converting a whole business into an empowerment model. On the other hand it may simply mean giving staff members the ability to make a few decisions on their own. When people feel they have option and allowed to make direct decisions, this does frequently show the way to a better feeling of self worth. In a representation where power is directly attached to sense of self, having some power is a priceless thing. A staff member who does not feel continuously criticized and watched is more likely to consider their workplace as a positive environment, rather than a negative one. The behavioural research, carried out by a group at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard University, recognizes the aspects that most possible to affect 21st century staff well being, productivity and commitment. They established that loyalty is mainly influenced by ones sense of purpose, general trust in the business and feeling of individual impact. Productivity is largely affected by the quality of human relationships including cooperative, social group moods and interaction. The results of the research lead me to conclude that workplaces that provide positive environments that foster interpersonal trust and quality personal relationships create the most committed and productive employees. Productivity is mostly affected by the quality of human relationships including cooperative, social group moods and interaction. The results of the research lead me to conclude that workplaces that offer positive environments that encourage interpersonal trust and quality personal relationships generate the most loyal and productive employees. So if an employee who does not feel constantly watched and criticized is more likely to consider his or her workplace as a positive environment therefore he/she feel more committed to the organization which would increase their productivity so in conclusion cut cost for the organization. Last year I have worked as a part timer for a very well respected five star hotel called Hilton Caledonian. From week one they required me to work 75 hours even so I had a contract for 25 hours per week. I could not do anything about it as it was very clear if I do not like my schedule I am free to find another job. By the end of the 3rd month when my training finished I had enough so I have left the Hilton group for their leak of flexibility. Flexibility is essential for both the employer and the employee; flexibility of employee skills, employee behaviours, and HR practices represent critical sub dimensions of HR flexibility and are related to superior firm performance. Results based on perceptual measures of HR flexibility and accounting measures of firm performance support this prediction. Whereas skill, behaviour, and HR practice flexibility are significantly associated with an index of firm financial performance, many experts find that the only skill flexibility contributes to cost-efficiency. Hilton has recruited me because they were looking for people who go the extra mile, people who are flexible but they never gave anything return therefore I left however as my worth has increased as the result of the trainings they gave me they lost money. A number of writers have argued that strategic HRM and human capital management (HCM) are one and the same thing, and indeed the concept of strategic HRM matches that of the broader definition of HCM quite well as the following definition of the main features of strategic HRM by Dyer and Holder shows that strategies involve decisions about key goals, major policies and the allocation of resources they tend to be formulated at the top. Strategies are business-driven and focus on organisational effectiveness; thus in this perspective people are viewed primarily as resources to be managed toward the achievement of strategic business goals. Strategies by their very nature provide unifying frameworks which are at once broad, contingency-based and integrative. They incorporate a full complement of HR goals and activities designed specifically to fit extant environments and to be mutually reinforcing or synergistic. This argument has been based on the fact that both HRM in its proper sense and HCM rest on the assumption that people are treated as assets rather than costs and both focus on the importance of adopting an integrated and strategic approach to managing people which is the concern of all the stakeholders in an organization not just the people management function. However, the concept of human capital management complements and strengthens the concept of strategic HRM rather than replaces it. Hence both HCM and HRM can be regarded as vital components in the process of people management and both form the basis for achieving human capital advantage through a resource-based strategy.   Business or corporate strategy for service firms in sectors such as hospitality, tourism retail etc. has to comprehend a range of varying stakeholders interests and conciliate these within a strategy framework acceptable to them all. SHRM has had a part to play in the consolidation of staff within the pattern ascertained by the most cogent internal stakeholders senior managers. SHRM is thus part of the wider reticulation of corporate administration and business strategy. The drive to fulfill external stakeholders and the people intensive nature of service sector environments leads to a stress on people management both operationally and strategically. Customer service and related concepts of superior companies have led hospitality and retail businesses to a more conceptual discernment of people management. In the long term if this remains to be seen whether the strategic management of human resources has been more regulated by soft HRM (focusing on the management of culture, employee attitudes, empowerment) and hard HRM (focusing on measurable outcomes) (Megginson 1999). Mayfair London lies at the heart of British Tourism Hospitality Industry and Bass group is a leading hospitality chain Johnson (1999) observes that senior managers at Holiday inns undertook a training project that encompassed spending short periods at operative levels. This exercise led to an actualization that if front-line staff were not given authority and autonomy to resolve non-routine problems as they arose, their customers opinion of quality and service would be badly impaired. It is important to recognize the linking together of senior executives, front line staff, empowerment of staff to take responsibility for customer care satisfaction and quality management issues. All these point to the central them in SRHM. The organization then commenced training initiatives to equip workers to take additional responsibility for quality and problem-solving as well as enforcing fresh recruitment s trategies, such as auditions for food and beverage staff to distinguish candidates with the right attitudes. The right attitudes hints that management is looking for staff with culturally specified social skills-eg attribute that are often arduous to appraise. These soft or tacit skills, abilities to execute intricate relationship roles and functions while at the same time, execute technical (or hard) tasks. The distinction between tacit soft skill and explicit technical hard task oriented- skills lies at the heart of our discussion of SHRM. Managers also recognized that the effectiveness of the new strategies would reckon on a genuine dedication to the interests and welfare of employees. The hotel gained Investors in People recognition in 1995. This is an excellent example to show how everything in linked together. I have talked about empowerment, flexibility, commitment, training, customer service and many more as this example states every single area of human resource management is effecting the entire business progress just as much as one area effects the other one. Conclusion: It is useful for all organisations to management their people within a planned and coherent framework which reflect the business strategy. They can ensure that the various aspects of people management are mutually reinforcing in developing the performance and behaviours necessary to achieve business success. There is not a single HRM strategy that will deliver success in all situations. Organisations need to define a strategy which is unique to their own situation in terms of context, goals, and the demands of organisational stakeholders.

Family Guy and the Good the Bad and the Daily Show

When it comes to the topic of popculture, most American’s will readily agree that TV shows have a great impact on our life and beliefs. Where this agreement usually ends, however is on the question does it make us smarter in the real facts about the American society. Jason Zinger writer of â€Å"The Good, The Bad, and The Daily Show† and Antonia Peacocke writer of â€Å"Family Guy and Freud: Jokes and their relation to the unconscious† both maintain the same view of how harsh comedy is used in both shows.They differ entirely in their portrayal of how the shows comedy is conducted to characterize the life of Americas, Whereas Jason Zinger a psychologist writes about â€Å"The Daily Show how it informs Americans with â€Å"fake† news, but in reality is real news swirled with comedy to emphasize the truth. Antonia Peacocke, a student from Harvard agrees Family guy goes beyond insulting the media, but maintains a reality about society. Both writers agree on n ot blaming the shows for its comedy, but how the public is mature enough to handle the facts.Peacocke expresses how â€Å"McFarland makes an important point: that no amount of television censorship will ever change the harsh nature of reality and to censor reality is mere folly. † (pg). She focuses on the ethos to acknowledge the pride of American society; therefore she explains how people tend to feel insulted when confronted directly. Zinger agrees with peacocke along the same lines how both shows go beyond to explain the American society.Pecocke explains that every show has some educational purposes, and these animate cartoons show â€Å"some aspects of American culture† (pg 303). Haven’t finished need more to add similarities between zinger and peacocke. Many shows have their own way of directing information by educating or entertaining the viewers. Peacocke writes in her article that is all psychological, and that every show has ethic in their show that we can all learn from.In her article she demonstrates us that shows like Family Guy are more than just entertainment, but many people judge this shows as pure comedy and entertainment with no educational purposes. Family Guy shows to their public current life issues, they make these issues entertaining and funny to make their public understand in ways that might offend people but acceptable in society. Peacocke explains how the show makes the public understand though laughter and comedy rather than being judgmental.She further deepens her perspective pointing out shows like Family Guy help people understand the American culture as well as help people understand other ethnicity and other genders through laughter. The news has even found ways to make it entertaining to inform the public of current life issues. Jason Zinger argues that in recent years Americans have â€Å"turned away from mainstream media† (pg) and have turned into alternatives programs to obtain the news. He expla ins The Daily Show informs people in unusual type of way that can be seen as entertaining and educational.According to the article, it argues that many people conclude the show misleads their viewers to think that is a show with no accurate information because of its comedy. Zinger believes that the show is not corrupt â€Å"If uses real news, items , and real stories, whether people tune into to be entertained, to be informed or both †¦ The daily Show shapes people’s perspective on the world† (pg 366). Many shows inform their viewers in a way that can be unusual, thus making the decision whether the source is reliable or not depends on the person.Zinger explains that â€Å"if viewers are tuning into a comedy show to get the latest news I believe that the viewers can distinguish between pure entertainment and the real news† (Pg 367). He opinioned people feel that shows like The Daily Show are misleading the public into having negative thoughts about the cur rent issues because not a lot of information is explained. ; therefore people think this shows only care about ratings. Zinger explains that having these ratings and knowing people tune in more gives the network more reason to give accurate information pg(366).The articles explain how media has found a different way to educate society with information in a new method. Zinger and Peacocke believe every show contains valuable information whether we tune into to obtain news or to relax and be entertained. American Society receives information in many different ways, it all depends where do we want our information. Both authors conclude we gained knowledge in different ways and the media is found its way for it to be entertaining and informative for American society.

Mis Report

Assignment 2 for MIS 1. Give an illustrative database for an Information system for Taj Mahal Hotel, Mumbai. Design various reports required by management for decision making. 2. Give three output formats (reports) for a Help desk at Ruby Hospital, Pune. 3. National Investment Co. is in the business of Financial Management. They accept fixed deposits of different types and also give loan on Fixed deposit. They pay interest to the investors periodically. The management of the company is interested in getting MIS reports from the system. ) Give layout for any 4 major files in the system. b) Draw ERD for the system. c) Give 2 MIS report layouts. 4. Give an illustrative database and four report layouts for an Information System for British Library Pune. 5. Design the following formats of reports produced by Payroll system. What information the organization will get from these reports? a) Pay slip b) Provident fund statement c) Department wise salary summary. 6. Draw the following report layouts and explain their use in decision making. a) Pending sales orders. b) Product wise sales (periodical basis) ) Product wise rejection analysis. 7. Draw report layouts for the following and elaborate the use of these reports in the process of decision making. i) Stock register ii) Pending Purchase requisition (submitted to purchase department) 8. A distributer of building supplies for construction contractors has a database involving three types of entities: suppliers, products, and customers. Identify some of the important attributes of each type of entity. Draw Entity Relationship Diagram. 9. A mobile company is developing mobile billing system. Company is offering more than one mobile to customer. The mobile company offers facilities like music on demand, internet, alerts and messages, electricity bill payment etc. Customer can choose facilities he wants customer can pay bill either in cash, using credit card or through ECS. The bill shows details about tariff, facility charges and rent. As a analyst design a system having a) Input screen for application for new mobile number. b) Format of pending Bill report 10. Design a web page for Airline reservation system. .

lucy essays

lucy essays The behaviorist approach leads us to believe that personality consists of all of an individuals behaviors. According to Skinner all behavior is determined by contingencys of reinforcment, based on the type and frequency of the reinforcment. If this is true, then we are more apt to repeat behaviors that are rewarded and less apt to repeat punished behaviors. The expirence Id like to share about my reinforcment procedure involves my dog Lucy. Lucy is a chow and black labrador mix. Currently Lucy is one and half years old. I have used reinforcment while training her to respond in a conditioned way. Lucys favorite food is sliced american cheese. Using the cheese as a conditioned stimulus, I have trained Lucy to give a desired conditioned response. When I told Lucy to sit and she did, I would give her a slice of cheese. So Lucy eventually became aquaintede with the slice of cheese being a reward of sitting on command. The partial reinforcment schedule used for Lucy was on a variable ratio. She did not receive a slice of cheese each time she responded to the command. It was on an average of every three responses that she was rewarded. I did not want a fixed ratio because I did not want Lucy to expect a slice of cheese every time someone had it. Lucy is at the point where she now does not have to be told to sit. As she hears the refridgerator door open, she becomes alert to the activity going on inside. Lucy will run over to the refridgerator. Once the cheese is taken out of the draw, Lucy recognizes the sound of the wrapper. Lucy reacts on this discriminative stimulu and will sit on her own in order to revieve the slice of cheese. Knowing that cheese is her favorite food, I also use it as a negative reinforcment. Lucy loves to run out the door when people enter the house. I live on a street that gets a good deal of traffic, let alone it is ilegal for her to be running around loose. Afraid th...

Free Essays on Adam Smiths Free Market Society Versus Malinowskis Trobriand Island Kula Exchange System

Adam Smith believes that a human inclination toward free trade is natural. He argues that it is inevitable for man to act in his own self-interest. Malinowski’s Trobriand society operates on the principle of working for the benefit of the community rather than for one’s self-interest. Even though the good of the community then leads to the prosperity of individuals, the intention is for the former, not the latter, in the case of the Trobrianders. Smith’s view of a commercial-market society includes the principle of self-interest as the chief means of motivation for production, accumulation of wealth and innovation. When everyone in a society is economically competing and operating ins their own self-interests, work will be done more efficiently. The Trobrianders’ motivation to produce comes from tradition, ceremony, competition against other workers, and the belief in magic. The prospect of fame rather than fortune is the incentive for the Trobrianders. Smith would argue that this incentive is learned, rather than inherent, for these people. In Smith’s ideal society, workers are motivated by the idea of gain, using the least amount of effort necessary to adequately accomplish their tasks (not overexerting themselves), knowing that they will be recompensed for their work with payment. The Trobriand people, however, are not motivated by the idea of gain. They do not consider the idea of growing wealthy when they are working. They work for the sake of the work itself. It is their tradition to work in competition with the other workers, and the ways in which they work are like an established traditional ceremony. It is part of their tradition to exert as much effort as possible while working, even if this will not show in the outcome of the work. The workers are never paid for the time they take to produce necessary goods for the community. But the communities practice the principle of reciprocation, where food is ... Free Essays on Adam Smith's Free Market Society Versus Malinowski's Trobriand Island Kula Exchange System Free Essays on Adam Smith's Free Market Society Versus Malinowski's Trobriand Island Kula Exchange System Adam Smith believes that a human inclination toward free trade is natural. He argues that it is inevitable for man to act in his own self-interest. Malinowski’s Trobriand society operates on the principle of working for the benefit of the community rather than for one’s self-interest. Even though the good of the community then leads to the prosperity of individuals, the intention is for the former, not the latter, in the case of the Trobrianders. Smith’s view of a commercial-market society includes the principle of self-interest as the chief means of motivation for production, accumulation of wealth and innovation. When everyone in a society is economically competing and operating ins their own self-interests, work will be done more efficiently. The Trobrianders’ motivation to produce comes from tradition, ceremony, competition against other workers, and the belief in magic. The prospect of fame rather than fortune is the incentive for the Trobrianders. Smith would argue that this incentive is learned, rather than inherent, for these people. In Smith’s ideal society, workers are motivated by the idea of gain, using the least amount of effort necessary to adequately accomplish their tasks (not overexerting themselves), knowing that they will be recompensed for their work with payment. The Trobriand people, however, are not motivated by the idea of gain. They do not consider the idea of growing wealthy when they are working. They work for the sake of the work itself. It is their tradition to work in competition with the other workers, and the ways in which they work are like an established traditional ceremony. It is part of their tradition to exert as much effort as possible while working, even if this will not show in the outcome of the work. The workers are never paid for the time they take to produce necessary goods for the community. But the communities practice the principle of reciprocation, where food is ...

Statement of purpose Personal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Of purpose - Personal Statement Example This was a tremendous opportunity to expand on my knowledge of contemporary teaching techniques and better engage students with the modern curriculum. Throughout my academic career, I was exposed to a wide range of theoretical principles and assumptions regarding teaching methodology and child development. Through my experiences at Ibn Khuzaymah, I was able to gain a very practical and sophisticated experience in applying theoretical knowledge to tangible educational practice which solidified and, in some instances, challenged a variety of hypotheses about what constitutes effective teaching and learning strategy development. This professional understanding has strengthened not only my commitment to becoming a first-class educator but also improved my ability to experiment and test traditional teaching standards, which has created a more efficient and productive instructor. This position at the local high school was also very satisfactory at a personal level as I was able to assist s tudents in building trust with the instructor, helping them to concentrate and focus their minds more productively to solve problems associated with the curriculum. Utilizing contemporary theory and best practice models that focused on socio-psychological strategies to gain students’ attention and interest, I was able to establish a learning environment that was highly conducive to laying the foundation of reciprocal respect that genuinely engaged students and provided more effective learning outcomes. My academic education did not necessarily provide me with the knowledge and understanding of the importance of addressing and considering students’ emotions. This experience at Ibn Khuzaymah legitimately opened my eyes to the necessity to balance metacognition with psychological models relevant to this age bracket in order to produce triumphant student learning outcomes that maintained long-lasting appreciation and student esteem for the instructor. My primary goal today is to begin studies in the Master’s Program in Statistics at your university. All my aforementioned professional experience has given me a new appreciation for the social and educational value of conducting primary research studies. Being able to appreciate, understand and evaluate quantitative data maintains significant benefits to society and the educational system across the world, and I am realizing that statistics provides the foundation for a legitimized understanding of science and society. As a person who genuinely enjoys statistics, coupled with a newfound respect for the global relevance of scientific research, I sincerely believe that study in this program is well-suited for my talents and posture regarding this important dimension of modern society. Hence, all aforesaid experiences and understandings considered, I legitimately believe that I can offer substantial and diverse benefits to the university. I have a rather balanced approach to learning, being able to work both independently and cooperatively with culturally and professionally different individuals to produce positive team outcomes and establish new best practice behaviors in the

United States Supreme Court Case Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

United States Supreme Court Case - Term Paper Example ht to bring claims against the private sector on the neglect of the Clean Air Act if the Environment Protection agency fails in its part in the regulation of the emission of the gases by the power plants1. Connecticut v. American Electric Power Company, Inc. case was since filed by 8 states in 2004. This involved the New York City and 3 private petitioner environmental organizations up against the activities of an assortment of electric service companies. It was asserted by 2 complainants public nuisance under the state common law and the federal law as claims and argued that the natural resources as well as the human health will continue to suffer under the adverse effects of global warming. The plaintiff sought for the courts to have a resolution that would have the companies their carbon dioxide emanations. It was argued by the plaintiff that the power companies infringed on the public rights through the violation of the national common law of interstate nuisance or the alternative state tort law2. The plaintiff sought a decree that would set emissions of carbon dioxide and other green house gases for each of the defendants at the initial cap to be reduced annually. The complainants were dismissed by the district court in New York which was presiding over the case on the view that the case raised political inquiries that were thought to be inappropriate for a judicial resolution. It was argued by the court that the issues on climate change that had been presented by the plaintiff would require a delicate balancing of the environment, foreign, economic policies and the interests of the national security. This, the court argued that would be better handled by the political branch of the government rather than the judicial3, arguing further that ruling on such a matter would be tantamount to the court abrogating the role of the Congress to set legislations and standards for hearing such a case. The Supreme Court in 2007 ruled over the Massachusetts v. EPA, 549

Durable Medical Equipment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Durable Medical Equipment - Essay Example The Government, through this act, intentionally ignored the fact that most of the American citizens were already in use or covered by the Medicare, Medicaid and other private insurance covers. This would not lead to the upsurge or little increase in sales of the medical devices assumed by the state to enable the companies offset the added cost of nearly $30 billion that was expected to accrue in this industry as per Congressional Budget office foresight (Bayh par 1). The company’s bottom line is that, the tax cannot be passed to the buyer, as most of those devices are directly sold to public hospitals, physicians, and other health service providers through long-term contracts signed, which locked the prices. A 2.3% tax on the company’s sales is equal to almost a 15% on the normal tax on profits, and if this added to the mandatory 35% corporate tax, it totals to 50% as the eventual tax imposed on the industry. This severely affects these companies, as they have to pay th is excise tax whether they are making sales or not (Bayh par 2). Therefore, it would have been much simpler to peg the tax on profits rather than on sales revenue.Other players in the industry such as the medical software developing companies, which are small and numbering to hundreds, are the worst hit by this legislation. Their products, Apps, have a potential for revolution in raising the practice of medicine in the US and globally (Bayh par 2). The effect of this taxation is already manifesting itself; for instance.

Diversity at Barclays Bank Essay Example for Free

Diversity at Barclays Bank Essay There are four top leading Banks in UK, Barclays Bank is one of the leading banks. Barclays Bank considers honest prompting an atmosphere or environment where diversity is highly respected and accepted. Diversity as defined by (Dictionary, 2009) is said to be the reality or standard of being diverse (Rajan Amin, 2003) Says diversity contains personal individuality explained by age, ethnicity, gender, disability, religion, sexual position. These differences are established and guarded by law. Diversity in workplace can also be viewed has the difference in qualities and attributes in people working in an organisation. Diversity in workplace can have positive influence in efficient and smooth running of an organisation and can cause chaos between the employees if not administered properly. In 1963 Late President of USA, John Kennedy met with the Americans leaders to discuss about (Drachsler, 2013) the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act which was made law on June 19 of 1964 to focus on Equal opportunity commission and affirmative action and policies, which made the organisations, focus more on just complying on legislation imposed by law, it moved to another stage during the early 1980s to incorporate minors and women into workforce in the late 1980s it moved from just complying to rules and regulations and focuses more on business survival. In the late 1990s there is much shift from complying to laws and to focus on incorporating women and minors into workforce to including everyone in the workforce to know the differences in each employee in the workforce and to be sensitised about the needs and distinctions of others. Now in this century Diversity has shifted attention to inclusion and diversity to increase the efficiency, profitability, wide scope and all factors that can lead to business success. There are two types of workforce diversity Surface level diversity and deep level diversity 1. Surface level diversity as defined by (Kenneth Price H, 2002) as distinctions to each of more members of a team in an overt demographic feature. It is also said to be the different features in workforce that can be seen and observed such Age, Gender, Religion, and Ethnicity. Marital status was also listed as an factors to be considered as a surface level diversity and all these aforementioned examples of surface level diversity  are quantifiable 2. Deep level diversity is defined as distinctions between values, personality and preferences in work. It also defined by (Kenneth Price H, 2002) as the predetermined distinctions among members of a team’ personalities included psychological characteristics, values and attitudes. They factors here can only be felt and cannot be seen they are qualified they cannot be quantified. There are benefits derived from workforce diversity, In Employee management they make good utilization of talents, improved quality of team problem- solving efforts and strength to attract and retain employee’s organisations benefits. In Strategic problem solving skills such as prospective to improve sales volume and to increase market capital base of the organisation, good ethical behaviours ( knowing the right thing to do) . In Organisational Operation they derive good team spirit among the employees, good problem solving strength and lowering cost that is connected to absenteeism and law suit s. Diversity is a two edged sword (Chrobot-Mason, 2013) which means it has positive and negative advantage. There are challenges to workforce diversity such as communication in multicultural environments has mentioned by (Fatima Oliviera, july 2013) and diversity involves not only how employees see themselves but how they see others. That insight affects the way they interact. (Sreedhar, 2011) Highlighted that there is need for professionals in human resource department to consider and administer effectively with issues of change, communication and adaptability. (CHUA, 2013) Also discussed that as organisations become more culturally diverse, conflicts and tensions are bound to happen among employees or people that are from different cultural backgrounds. With all these above mentioned merits and demerits I think diversity is the management of differences in employees effectively and eliminating conflicts that might arise afterwards. Barclays has the believe that to be among the first four leading banks in the world they need a rock solid diversity and inclusion strategy programme and policy to be in place to give them a huge advantage among their rivals in the banking sector . They started by knowing that the foundation of their success is in the talented people they employ, whatsoever lifestyle, age, personality, religion, race, disability, gender or sexual orientation. Barclays focuses on six principal areas of diversity; Gender- is the most important of Barclays diversity and inclusion policy, promoted by the Barclays executive diversity group and it was aimed at increasing the number of women in the senior roles by doing all that is possible to make women in the organisation fulfil their career potential with Barclays increasing female portrayal to at least 20% by the end of last year and rising more to more than 25% by 2015 at the board level. Recruiting is based on merit, and gender diversity is considered seriously when exerting talents across the globe, from the future leader programmes to the most senior recruit and they do make sure that all those that provide recruitment support, supports the vision to lure in diverse candidates around the world. However, other banks all over the globe have innovated Women’s Initiative Networks but the Barclays Women of the year award identifies talented personal and Professional attainment from female employees globally, as well as identifying male em ployee who champion and be of support to female career development. Disability Barclays has shown commitment to being a disability self- assured organisation. Their aim is to lure more highly expertise people, aid disabilities or health defect by making available the equipment and accommodation that enable their employee to be outstanding. Awareness of employee with disability is giving the Bank to recognise modern ways of making products, service and facilities available to everyone an illustration the organisation run disability listening groups, the forum provides staffs with disability with the chance to meet with high level employee and give materials into calculated transformation to improve the working society. Generational diversity Recognising generational diversity in workplace adds cognitive capital to Barclays bank, which promotes revolutions for employees, clients and the customers of the Bank. Barclays bank manages this by supporting the recruitment process and holding firm an age diverse workforce. Creating a workforce with no age limit on each vacant position at Barclays is set as a goal achievable. Merit is the criteria for any elevation; elevation is open to all employees through a yearly achievement and development review  procedure. They are among just few organisations that have taken the proactive measures to include multigenerational diverse workforce into the employee working tactics, the age employees also believes that skill, strength, capability and accomplishment are the backbone of all good performances, which is making the bank one of the leading banks in the world. Sexual Orientation Barclays has good records to encourage their Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgendered employees, customers and clients and the Bank have been known worldwide by numerous external establishments, Human Rights Campaign in the US are included. Barclays was at the stonewall workplace equality index (WEI) controlled by the United kingdom’s chief Lesbian Gay Bisexual charity, and they were ranked number three in year 2011 in acknowledgment of the work been done to make sure their workplace, products and services are included. They achieved 100 percent in the 2011 Human Rights campaign corporate equality index in the USA and it 95percent in the UK. Multiculturalism This is a very important tool for organisations in the current global business world, Barclays works with a great cultural diversity sense. Barclays Employees are from all around the globe, the employees throughout the Barclays around the world set a footmark to make up a constantly changing pattern of nationalities, cultures and heritage. The distinctive approaches are immeasurable in making sure the organisation comprehend what the need of their customers and clients all around the world is, and with that they provide expert products and services to meet the needs. More to this is the Cultural Awareness Employee network which brings together employees within all Barclays to make sure the bank continue to find up to date method to examine the world with the motive of evaluating and leveraging differences. CONCLUSION Globalisation has made businesses to see diversity has a must do thing, to be successful in modern day business, diversity in workplace should not be treated as complying to law and regulations, it is now a thing of inclusion  and diversity to increase the efficiency, profitability, wide scope and all factors that can lead to business success. For Barclays Bank, Diversity and inclusion is much more than just complying with the law. It means stating and having an active policy in place to make the very best of their diverse staff to serve the clients, customers and benefit their employee to make them retain the height they are in the business world. RECOMMENDATION Having observed all the analysis of diversity and inclusion it is therefore suggested that the following be done to enjoy more benefits of diversity Minimise inequalities among employee to reduce conflicts among the employee. Training and re training programme on human relation should be put in place for employee to enable the employee to know how best to interact among their contemporary. Change is constant so therefore diversity policies and procedures guide lines should be amended yearly. Bibliography Chrobot-Mason, D. A. N. P., 2013. The psychological benefits of creating an affirming climate for workplace diversity. Professiona and management development training, 38(1059-6011), p. 31. CHUA, R. Y. J., 2013. The costs of ambient cultural disharmony: Indirect intercultural Conflicts in social environment undermine creativity. Academy of Management Journal, 56(0001-4273), p. 33. Dictionary, A. H., 2009. Mifflin Houghton. [Online] Available at: http://www.eref-trade.hmco.com/ [Accessed 21 01 2014]. Drachsler, D. A., 2013. Supreme court sets high bar for Title vii retaliation claims.. Labour law journal, 64(4-0023-6586), p. 6. Fatima Oliviera, M. d., july 2013. Multicultural Environments and Thier Challenges to Crisis Communication. Business In Communication , 50(0021- 9436). Kenneth Price H, D. H. A. J. G. H. A. F. T., 2002. TIME, TEAMS, AND TASK PERFORMANCE: CHANGING EFFECTS OF SURFACE- AND DEEP-LEVEL DIVERSITY ON GROUP FUNCTIONING. Academy of Management Journal, 45(5), pp. 1029-1045. Rajan Amin, H. S., 2003. The business impact of diversity. Business Source Premier, Issue 0959-5848, p. 1471 Words. Sreedhar, U., 2011. Workforce Diversity and HR Challenges. OB and HRM Department, IBS, Bangalore (Karnataka), INDIA, 4(0974-2611), pp. p33-36.

Cause of World War I Essay -- essays research papers

WWI Causes World War I, a war that started out locally in Europe between Austria-Hungary and Serbia that later ended up including thirty two different nations. This war has been around for almost a century and yet the causes of it are still being debated. There are many different scenarios that have been considered. Some of the key reasons that were believed to have instigated WWI were nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and an arrangement of treaties. Also the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was believed to be one of the immediate causes. Nationalism is the doctrine that your national culture and interests are superior to any other. From just reading the meaning of nationalism it is quit obvious to see that this idea will oppose some kind of conflict sooner or later, and as proved later on it did. At the settlement of Vienna in 1815, the idea of nationalism was ignored mainly because nations wanted to preserve the peace. Germany and Italy were left as divided states, but strong nationalist movements and revolutions led to the unification of Italy in 1861 and Germany also in 1871. Another result of the Franco-Prussian War, which took place 1870-1871, was that France wasn’t happy with the outcome of Alsace-Lorraine losing, and regaining what they lost from that was a major goal for the French. Nationalism was a problem for Austria-Hungary and the Balkans. Those areas had many conflicting national groups. The strong faith Serbia had for the movement advocating th...

Newell Convers Wyeth Essay

Newell Convers Wyeth was one of the famous men in America during his time. This is because he was considered as one of the greatest American illustrators. He was the first to set the pace amongst the three generations of Wyeth artists. However, he was not only an illustrator but a painter as well. The work he did has become historical and is celebrated in many galleries, museums and publications as well as in other artist venues across the globe (Howell, par 1). Throughout his life, he was doing very well as an illustrator thus becoming very famous. N. C died in Chadds Ford in 1945 through an accident (Brandy Wine Conservancy 3). Wyeth gained national recognition as a result of his Scribner’s Classic Children’s Books like The Yearling, Robinson Crusoe, The Last of the Mohicans, Kidnapped, and Treasure Island among others. Wyeth believed that the deepest happiness a person can experience comes from living a simple life, and also treasuring the beauty and bounty of land and sea. Quite a number of Wyeth’s paintings were based on his feelings and own experiences. This was usually as a result of the memories of his parent’s farm where he grew up (Highlights for Children, par 1-8). N. C Wyeth started drawing when he was a child. He was being encouraged by the mother who helped him nature his gift. He began working for a magazine called the Saturday Evening Post when he was only 20years. Soon after this, his fame began to spread and his work published in other leading magazines like Harper’s weekly, Century, and Scribner’s among others (Nila McCann Spring). Despite the fact that Wyeth was an illustrator, he yearned to be known as a painter as well. The difference between the two was that illustration carried a pejorative connotation that Wyeth felt keenly all his life. In addition, regardless of the fact that commissioned work earned him income to support his family, he tried to run away from the confines of textual limitations, taking up personal paintings like landscapes, still lives and portraits. He moved from lyrical landscapes, which had an impressive style, to powerful portraits of fishermen that evoke the work of the American Regionalist artists. Nonetheless, he never attained personal satisfaction or the recognition that he wanted (Brandy Wine Conservancy 2). Wyeth was able to make three trips, between 1904 and 1906, to West America. This was after Wyeth recognized the value of Pyle’s instructions in his career. Pyle was one of the most renowned illustrators from Howard Pyle School of Art where Wyeth had joined then. During the period of the trip, he spent much of his time taking up the experience that enabled him to paint images. The painted images would allow him to come up very well and be among the top greatest illustrators during his error. Wyeth had managed to herald in Outing Magazines by 1907. He was one of the greatest painters of American outdoor life (Brandywines Conservancy 1). Early Life Nowell Convers was born on 22nd October, 1882 in a place called Needham, Massachusetts. His mother was the daughter of Swiss immigrants while his father was a descendant of the first Wyeth to arrive in the New World in the mid-17th century. His growing up in a farm made him develop a deep love for nature. He began his artistic inclinations at a very young age and the mother encouraged it. However, his father opposed this since he wanted him to use his talent more practically. He attended Mechanic Arts High School in Boston up to May 1899, where he concentrated on drafting. Through the support of his mother, he was able to transfer to Massachusetts Normal Art School and through the help and guidance of his instructor Richard Andrew; he took the line of illustration (Brandywine Conservancy 1). Wyeth married Carolyn Bockus in 1906. They met after he completed his learning under Pyle. They gave birth to five children whose names are Nat, Carolyn, Ann and Andrew. Some of these children resembled his father in his work of illustration and painting. They picked up talents for one art form or another, ranging from composing music to teaching art lessons and also to inventing (Howell, par. 3-4). N. C Wyeth trained his son Andrew through home schooling in 1932. This was after he realized that his health was failing. There were several challenges that came with school administration and also the expense of teaching his son from home. However, Wyeth managed to complete his son’s education as his teacher. After that, Andrew Wyeth continued to work under his father’s artistic guidance in their home in Maine which was named after the famous Winslow Home painting (Howell, par. 6). N. C Wyeth’s Work Wyeth is the perhaps the best and is remembered for his illustrations of other children classics done for Scribner’s. He gained national recognition with his illustrations for the book Treasured Island by Robert Louis Stevenson in 1911. He composed American stories and themes from carpetbaggers to Indians. He used color and romantic imagery brilliantly and this combined with his close attention to historical detail, enables his artwork gain a lasting place in the lexicon of American illustration. The love he had for America in-terms of its individuality and landscapes is evident in his works; that is, from the Old West to the Brandywine Hill. This was a country of Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania. It is said that his boldness and sometimes massive artwork expressed his ‘largeness of spirit’. He is also said to have painted murals on a heroic scale by one of the biographers (New World Encyclopedia, par 2-4). He managed to complete over three thousand works during his career. Being an illustrator, some of his famous works included publications like Kidnapped, Tom Sawyer, Treasure Island and Robin Hood. Between 1925 and 1935, he completed some of his most exhilarating pieces of work, among which were several experimental pieces that were seen as heroic compared to his commissioned work (Howell, par 2). The success of Treasured Island insured Wyeth along his career. Scribner’s illustrated many classic stories in his succeeding years. The most famous titles are; â€Å"kidnapped (1913), The Black Arrow (1916), The Boy’s King Arthur (1917), The Mysterious Island (1918), The Last of the Mohicans (1919), The Deer slayer (1925) and The Yearling (1939). † In addition, he created illustrations for other publishers. Examples of such books are Robin Hood by David McKay(1917), Robinson Crusoe by Cosmopolitan (1920), Rip VanWinkle by David McKay (1921), Men of Concord by Houghton-Mifflin (1936) and Trending Into Maine by Little Brown (1938) (Howell, par. 2). Books like Treasured Island and Robinson Crusoe by N. C Wyeth are the most historical and famous. They also have a maritime adventure and an Island as a center element of their schemes. In addition, the historical language used in every one of them is similar as well as one of the same nautical terminology like stern, bow and aft among others. This is utilized because of the aforementioned similarities (Enotes, par1-3). Checking closely, the characters in these two books are alike only in the most basic ways. In Robinson Crusoe, for example, Crusoe is a male just as are Long John Silver and Hawkins. In addition, both central character are seamen and in the case of Hawkins, they were trying to become such. On the desolate island, young Jim Hawkins is trying to survive as a lone boy in the world of men just as Crusoe tries. On the other hand, both books are written by male authors and that the masculinity tone is seen in both books. In this case, as one reads these books, each story helps them to gain a perspective into the oceangoing world of the past. May be a better comparison could be drawn between Stevenson’s in Kidnapped and Defoe’s in Robinson Crusoe because there are better similarities existing in these books (Enotes, par. 2-3). His work also contains religious paintings. For example in 1923, he is said to have been commissioned by the Unitarian Layman’s League to do a series of paintings which included ‘The Parables of Jesus’. His most superb religious work that consisted of three hinged panels painted for the Chapel of the Holy Spirit at the Nations Cathedral in Washington D. C seems to be welcoming believers. It consisted of Jesus surrounded by a host of heavenly angels. The wordings are, â€Å"Come unto Me, All Ye that Labor and Are Heavy Laden, and I Will Give You Rest† (New World Encyclopedia, par. 13). His other works included; Mowing (1907), Long John Silver and Hawkins (1911), The Fence Builders (1915), September Afternoon (1918), Dying Winter (1934), The Alchemist (1938), Deep Cover Lobsterman (1939), The war Letter (1944) and the Nightfall (1945) (New World Encyclopedia, par. 23). Assessment of N. C Wyeth’s Work It was appropriate for Wyeth to start his work at his young age. One of the reasons is because he was able to leave an impact after he died in that his work is still remembered to date. He also was able to raise his son Andrew as his successor and the son become famous too because he was doing very well. It was also of importance to begin his work at an early age since he was able to publish so many books like Treasured Island and Robinson Crusoe (Amazon Par. 1-3). In addition, this golden age work of Wyeth played an important role in uplifting and pursuing work in illustration. The period of golden age work was also recognized for unparalleled brilliance in publication of journal art which had not been seen before. Also N. C Wyeth plus other students were able to carry on Howard Pyle’s work and this also brings out the importance of his beginning work at a young age (Jo Ang, par 4-5). N. C Wyeth was also able to perfect his work over time by starting his career at a young age and this enabled him to gain fame in America and other nations too. The fame is evident in his created images for magazine advertisements and calendars, painting for big companies like Wheat Company, Coca-Cola, Blue Buckle Overalls, Steinway &Sons, New York Life Insurance among other (Brandy wine Conservancy 3). Conclusion Wyeth is remembered since he was one of the greatest illustrators in America and who created nearly 4,000 works during his golden age from 1903 to 1945 when he died. However he never achieved the personal satisfaction or public recognition that he wanted. N. C Wyeth gained national recognition as a result of his Scribner’s Classic Children’s Books like The Yearling, Robinson Crusoe, The Last of the Mohicans, Kidnapped, and Treasure Island among others. All these books are read even to date. Work cited Amazon. com. 1996-2010. The Amazon. com Review, 2010. Web. 15 May 2010 . Brandy wine Conservancy. N. C. Wyeth Biography. Brandywine River Museum, 2009. Web. 14 March, 2010, . Enotes. com, Inc. Treasure Island and Robinson Crusoe, 2010. Web. 15 May, 2010,

Effective Communication in a Criminal Justice Settings Essay

In the criminal justice system, a police officer’s ability to communicate is one of the most important traits an officer can have. Police officers communicate with everyone from the public to peers, arrestees, victim and suspect families, and court personnel. A police officer must determine the most effective way to communicate, using several different methods, with everyone without offending or sounding weak. Public Announcements to the Press Police officers deal with the public on a constant basis. Many times, police officers will have to address the public in a professional, staged appearance. Public announcements can be in person, often live in front of news cameras, or a written statement the press uses to publish in the print media, website, or news broadcast. High-profile cases, riots, or inmate suicides are reasons a corrections officer may need to provide an announcement to the press. Upon making a public announcement, it is important for the corrections officer to speak directly to the audience and keep sentences short to avoid confusing the audience (Wallace & Roberson, p. 71, 2009). Usually, when giving a public address announcement, the press will follow up the message with questions of their own to clarify the remarks, or in an attempt to get additional information if the message is too vague. When a police officer speaks to the media publically, it is important for the officer to know his or her facts and be very keen on the topic (Wallace & Roberson, p. 79, 2009). If there was an officer involved shooting, the public and the media could care less to hear about the new patrol cars or k-9 unit. It is important to be punctual and understand the timeframe the speaker has to present his or her information to the media. The speaker should prepare him or herself by having notes or an outline to  follow, it is not a good idea to â€Å"wing it,† especially if the purpose for the public announcement is serious. A speaker’s appearance is important because the media and public could be critical and doubt the sincerity of the speech if the speaker fails to take the time necessary to look presentable. When a police officer provides a written announcement he or she needs to be as professional as possible. It is important to avoid the use of legal or technical jargon, slang, or words the audience may be unfamiliar with (Wallace & Roberson, p. 73, 2009). The print media may not have the time to contact the speaker and ask for clarification so it is important to use clear and concise language when providing written statements for the media. Testifying in court Effective communication in the courtroom is a necessary cog in the wheel of criminal justice. As a police officer, it is important to understand the importance of effective communication while presenting evidence or testifying in court. Defense attorneys will try to confuse try to make the officer second-guess his or her actions or the content of an incident report. An ill-prepared corrections officer may become impatient and exasperated if challenged by an aggressive defense attorney (Wallace & Roberson, p. 111, 2009). Police officers commonly make errors because of the lack of preparedness prior to taking the witness stand (Wallace & Roberson, p. 71, 2009). Police officers should meet with the attorney they are being summons by in order to read over their report and refresh their memory in preparation for the stand. If a police officer is set to testify during a trial, it behooves the officer to communicate with the prosecution to prepare for questions the Prosecution will ask, and potential questions the defense attorney will ask. When a police officer writes a report, it is essential to include important and necessary information. Police officers write various types of reports. However, the information contained in each type of report must be clear, concise, and honest. Future court cases may depend on information contained in an officer’s report as evidence in a criminal case (Miller & Whitehead, p. 4, 2011). Disciplinary review boards may rely on an officer’s incident report to determine if an officer operated outside his or her scope of duty. Prior to the court appearance, the police officer must analyze his or her report to enhance his or her preparedness for the trial. The court will not wait for the corrections officer to fumble through his or her notes. Preparedness will enhance the officer’s credibility with the jury; whereas, an unprepared and confused corrections officer may look incompetent to a jury, which may cause the jury to questions the validity of the events recorded in the report and the officer’s testimony. When a police officer testifies in court, it is not only essential but also the law to be honest in everything said. If the corrections officer does not know the answer, saying, â€Å"I do not know† is appropriate. If the police officer does not remember a specific event, it is appropriate to ask the judge to review notes or a copy of his or her report if he or she has one (Wallace & Roberson, p. 115, 2009). However, reading the report word-for-word or taking too long to locate the answer to a question may cause the jury to doubt the truthfulness and competence of the officer. The jury may think, â€Å"you were there, how could you not remember?† The officer must never assume the next question, but wait for the defense or prosecuting attorney to ask the questions and provide an honest answer in a clear and loud voice. Effective communication applies to the back and forth conversation the police officer has with both the prosecutor and defense attorney. It is important for the police officer to understand the questions the attorneys ask (Wallace & Roberson, p. 115, 2009). It is appropriate for an officer to ask for clarification if he or she fails to understand the wording of the questions (Wallace & Roberson, p. 115, 2009). A police officer must remember the court records his or her testimony in a written transcript, and sometimes by audio recording. The officer must master communicating orally when testifying in court because a stenographer cannot and will not type hand gestures, nods, shrugs, etc. (Wallace & Roberson, p. 115, 2009). It is important for the police officer to remember they are in a court of law, and he or she represents his or her agency. The police officer must show respect for the court, the judge, the prosecutor, and the defense  attorney. A jury may look poorly upon a rude, belligerent, and disrespectful officer. Disrespect for the court could result in administrative reprimand or contempt charges. Appellate courts use written trial transcript when they review a lower-court ruling. The appellate courts do not review or see new evidence; therefore, it is imperative for a corrections officer to do his or her part in practicing effective oral communication. A police officer appearance is also important when testifying in court. An officer’s appearance is the first thing a jury sees, and the jury will judge the officer on his or her appearance. An officer should have a clean, wrinkle free uniform shirt and trousers. The officer should have his or her shirt tucked in and shoes shined. A sloppy looking, unkept officer will look unfavorable on the jury, who may use that negative first impression when deciding the believability of the officer’s testimony. Communicating with Peers and the General Public Effective communication with peers in the general public is not only necessary but also life saving. Police officers tend to use their own â€Å"lingo,† or â€Å"cop-talk† to communicate with each other. Most non-law enforcement people are familiar with the term â€Å"Code 4,† which can mean, â€Å"Yes, okay, copy, etc.† Code 4 is one of a normal range of 13. Each number represents a message an officer uses instead of explaining word-for-word what they need. This abbreviated form of communication is known as â€Å"common code.† In police departments within the County of Boulder, Colorado departments use the common code. For instance, â€Å"code 4, code 5 with one† means an officer is okay with one person in handcuffs. Code 13 would mean â€Å"I need one additional officer as fast as possible.† Communicating with superior officers is also important. Higher-ranking officers in a police department supervise the officers. If there are ineffective rules or policies in place, it is the responsibility of the officer to follow the chain of command and provide feedback and possible suggestions on how to improve the ineffective policies. Police officers see the world differently from non-law enforcement citizens.  Police officers spend most of their day running from call to call. Experienced police officers have a different perspective on humanity; they often share and agree with those jaded views of society with fellow officers (Gilmartin, 2002). This can cause poor communication methods when speaking to the general public. It is easy to look at an arrestee and judge him or her as a â€Å"loser, a drug addict, or pervert.† Not all arrestee are guilty of their charges; everyone is presumed innocent until proven guilty in a court of law. However, it is important for a police officer to put aside feelings of contempt and communicate with arrestees in a respectful and professional manner. Gilmartin (2002) stated, â€Å"Officers control 100% of their integrity and Professionalism. Everything else – policies, uniforms, required procedures, budget, assignments, organizational goals, and just about every other central aspect of the officer’s role, is controlled by someone else† (p. 80). Communicating with arrestees is different from communicating with people who are not under arrest or detained. Arrestees are under a great deal of stress because of their limited freedom and the unknown future that awaits them. Although difficult, it is important to remember the current situation of an arrestee when communicating with them, especially telling them they cannot do certain things. Many arrestee are not accustomed to somebody telling them â€Å"no.† Communicating with Peers and Juvenile Arrestees Communicating with peers in a juvenile arrestee situation is quite similar to communicating with peers in an adult situation. Clear and concise lateral communication is impotent between officers over radio transmission as well as face-to-face communication. A juvenile arrestee situation can be a dangerous setting even though the arrestees are usually under the age of 18. An officer must use careful consideration when dealing with juvenile offenders. Juvenile minds are not fully developed. Juvenile minds may also lack the comprehension to understand the seriousness of their actions. Most of the offenders do not think and act as adult offenders do; therefore, officers must try to communicate closer to their level. A police officer has to remember that a juvenile offender attains certain special rights when detained. The juvenile cannot be questioned without a lawyer or parent present. Many officers forget this note in many state laws and end up losing a case because admitted evidence is thrown out during trial. In conclusion,  police officers have a duty to themselves, their peers, arrestees, the courts, and the public to be effective communicators. Verbal and nonverbal communication skills are important to learn, and continue to improve upon. A police officer who learns to apply effective communication skills in his or her occupation will become a valuable asset within his or her department. The community will have more confidence in a department if they have confidence it the officers who represent it. Officers who communicate with different types of people will also gain the respect and trust of their peers and supervisors. References Gilmartin, K. (2002). Emotional Survival For Law Enforcement. Tucson, AZ: E-S Press. Miller, L., & Whitehead, J. (2011). Report writing for criminal justice professionals (4th ed.). Retrieved from University of Phoenix eBook Collection database Wallace, H., & Roberson, C. (2009). Written and interpersonal communication: Methods for law enforcement (4th ed.). Retrieved from University of Phoenix eBook Collection database