Automobile Industry, India Automobile Industry Essay Example for Free

Automobile Industry, India Automobile Industry Essay Following Indias growing openness, the arrival of new and existing models, easy availability of finance at relatively low rate of interest and price discounts offered by the dealers and manufacturers all have stirred the demand for vehicles and a strong growth of the Indian automobile industry. The data obtained from ministry of commerce and industry, shows high growth obtained since 2001- 02 in automobile production continuing in the first three quarters of the 2004-05. Annual growth was 16. 0 per cent in April-December, 2004; the growth rate in 2003-04 was 15. 1 per cent The automobile industry grew at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 22 per cent between 1992 and 1997. With investment exceeding Rs. 50,000 crore, the turnover of the automobile industry exceeded Rs. 59,518 crore in 2002-03. Including turnover of the auto-component sector, the automotive industrys turnover, which was above Rs. 84,000 crore in 2002-03, is estimated to have exceeded Rs. 1,00,000 crore ( USD 22. 74 billion) in 2003-04. Automobile Dealers Network in India In terms of Car dealer networks and authorized service stations, Maruti leads the pack with Dealer networks and workshops across the country. The other leading automobile manufactures are also trying to cope up and are opening their service stations and dealer workshops in all the metros and major cities of the country. Dealers offer varying kind of discount of finances who in tern pass it on to the customers in the form of reduced interest rates. Major Manufacturers in Automobile Industry Maruti Udyog Ltd. General Motors India Ford India Ltd. Eicher Motors Bajaj Auto Daewoo Motors India Hero Motors Hindustan Motors Hyundai Motor India Ltd. Royal Enfield Motors Telco TVS Motors DC Designs Swaraj Mazda Ltd Government has liberalized the norms for foreign investment and import of technology and that appears to have benefited the automobile sector. The production of total vehicles increased from 4. 2 million in 1998- 99 to 7. 3 million in 2003-04. It is likely that the production of such vehicles will exceed 10 million in the next couple of years. The industry has adopted the global standards and this was manifested in the increasing exports of the sector. After a temporary slump during 1998- 99 and 1999-00, such exports registered robust growth rates of well over 50 per cent in 2002-03 and 2003-04 each to exceed two and- a-half times the export figure for 2001-02. Automobile Export Numbers Category1998-991998-99Passenger Car25468121478Multi Utility Vehicles26543892Commercial Vehicles1010819931Two Wheelers100002256765Three Wheelers2113851535Percentage Growth-16. 632. 8 THE KEY FACTORS BEHIND THIS UPSWING Sales incentives, introduction of new models as well as variants coupled with easy availability of low cost finance with comfortable repayment options continued to drive demand and sales of automobiles during the first two quarters of the current year. The risk of an increase in the interest rates, the impact of delayed monsoons on rural demand, and increase in the costs of inputs such as steel are the key concerns for the players in the industry. As the players continue to introduce new models and variants, the competition may intensify further. The ability of the players to contain costs and focus on exports will be critical for the performance of their respective companies. The auto component sector has also posted significant growth of 20 per cent in 2003-04, to achieve a sales turnover of Rs. 30,640 crore (US$ 6. 7 billion). Further, there is a potential for higher growth due to outsourcing activities by global automobiles giants. Today, this sector has emerged as another sunrise sector. EVEN GROWTH Opposing the belief that the growth in automobile industry has catered only to the top income-stratum of society, Growth of exports of 32. 8 % in the first three quarters of 2004-05, the fastest growth in volumes has come from commercial vehicles as against passenger cars. Between 1998-99 and 2003-04, output of commercial vehicles has grown 2. 8 times compared to the 2. 2 times increase in passenger cars. Furthermore, two-wheeler output continues to dominate the volume statistics of the sector. In 2003-04, for every passenger car turned out by the sector, there were 7 two-wheelers produced. In the two wheeler segment, there is a greater preference for motorcycles followed by scooters, with both production and domestic sales of motorcycles increasing at faster rates than for scooters in the current and previous years. However, mopeds have registered low or negative growth. Export growth rates have been high both for motorcycles and scooters.

tupac :: essays research papers

Tupac Shakur was a black African American rapper who lived his life with poverty, violence and drugs. The songs â€Å"â€Å"Hellrazor†Ã¢â‚¬ , â€Å"Me and My Girlfriend† and the poem â€Å"In the Event of my Demise† reflect the tragedy and pain which was Tupac’s life. All his poetry relies on vivid imagery and violent language to create a very realistic picture of how terrible life can be living in the ghettos of America. The song â€Å"Hellrazor† is a very dramatic song which tells the story of a young black African American male trying to make his way into becoming a â€Å"Gangsta† as he has no other way to support himself. The theme of change is reflected in this song. The song doesn’t really have a straight flowing structure. It rhymes in places but there is no pattern to it. For example: it rhymes in the 1st two lines: -   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Born heartless and mean muggin†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"At 16 on the scene watching fiends buggin† But after that it doesn’t rhyme for further 8 lines. That leaves a very dramatic effort because it reflects the tension and the violence of this song. The song has some very harsh and effective similes. For example: - â€Å"When a nigga gettin' richer, they come to get ya† â€Å"It is like a motherfuckin' trap and they wonder why it's hard being black†. This simile works very well because it uses some really strong emotions and the theme of racism to get the message through. Also the use of very strong language leaves a lasting image on the listener. The song uses plenty of Gangsta slang. Some examples include: - Gat, Loc, 5-0.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This is a very memorable song because it is so emotional and tragic. The most vivid lines come when he raps about how a little girl who was killed by a gun. Lines such as:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Dear Lord, if you hear me tell me why?†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Little girl like Natasha had to die†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"She neva got go see the bullet, just heard the shot†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Her little body couldn't take it, she shook and dropped† This part of the song is very dramatic because of his reference to god and by the way he said that she didn’t even see the bullet coming. It is very hard to forget this song because of its strong language and powerful imagery of the girl being murdered. The song â€Å" Me and my Girlfriend† is a very complicated song. The message that Tupac is trying to get through is not what you see written down on the piece of paper.

Kate Chopin †The Awakening Essay

The protagonist of Kate Chopin’s novel The Awakening is Edna Pontellier, a married woman who has two children. At the beginning of the book, Edna does mostly conform to the modes and codes of the nineteenth-century society, but feels not to fit in her role at all. â€Å"She wanted something to happen- something, anything; she did not know what† (Chopin, 126). Throughout the book, the character of Edna develops in a way that she breaks away from her roles of wife and mother and tries to free her imprisoned self. In â€Å"The Awakening† the Character of Edna Pontellier awakes in different ways. One way in which Edna Pontellier awakes, is art and music. She loves listening to music, especially when Mademoiselle Reisz plays the piano because she is the only one of all the numerous performers in the book who plays with full passion. This moves Edna and activates something in her. She is confronted with very strong feelings to which I she has not been used to in her prior â€Å"normal† life. The only things she has had, was her husband, her children and the society ladies that she used to receive on Tuesdays. But all these people were not really touching her, although she loves her children, she does not really seem to care about them. Her identity is constructed by the obligations and opinions of society but she is not able to identify with herself, which is only a role. But step by step, her true self breaks out from the bonds of society. When Edna listens to music, she manages to forget everything about her and is only with herself. It is somehow like an escape from reality. Concerning music, it really moves Edna and awakens her but she is no musician. She is rather a painter and though her art she finds a way to express herself. For the first time in her life, she finds something which really belongs to her and to no one else and she does something individually and for herself. It is also one step into independence because she could have a real job and earn money. When her husband has to go to New York on business, her children stay with their grandmother, who â€Å"had come herself and carried them to Iberville[†¦ ]. The old Madame did not venture to say she was afraid they would be neglected during Leonce’s absence† (Chopin, 120). Edna refuses to join neither them nor her husband. Instead, she stays alone at home and buys and moves to a small house around the corner, the so called â€Å"pigeon house† . This behavior in the name of the pursuit of freedom and independence is not appreciated by her husband and society. Furthermore, Edna spends a lot of time with Alcee Arobin. He represents another way in which the protagonist awakes; it is a sexual awakening. Alcee Arobin is â€Å"a young man of fashion. † (Chopin, 123) His reputation of the young seductive and charming man, who enjoys making conquests out of married women, does not keep Edna from having a sexual relationship with him. At first it is only a friendship. They go together to horse races and spend nearly every day with each other. â€Å"There was a perpetual smile in his eyes, which seldom failed to awaken a corresponding cheerfulness in any one who looked into them and listened to his good-humored voice. † (123-124) Soon, the two become intimate with each other. But Edna does not love Alcee. In fact she is married to a man she does not love, she loves Robert who left her and went to Mexico and has sexual desires for Arobin, a man who â€Å"was absolutely nothing to her† (129). He becomes her lover and he satisfies her physical urges. At those times, women were not expected to have the same sexual desires as men have. But Edna felt limited in her role as wife and mother and through her sexual awakening she frees another part of her which has been suppressed by the norms and conventions of society. Throughout their affair, Edna never allows her lover to own her or to control her but she wants to keep her freedom and independence which she just gained. Through her awakenings, Edna becomes a independent woman who lives without her husband and her children and simply only cares about her own needs and desires. Tragically, this leads Edna to a state of solitude because her behavior isolates her from her family and society. Her death at the end of the book, whether it is suicide or not, shows that at those times, it was very difficult for someone who did not conform to the codes and norms of society, to live his/her life without oppressing his/her true self, because you were simply rejected by society and the only thing that rests is solitude.

The Market Revolution Of Americ Liberty Ambition, And The...

Larson, John Lauritz. The Market Revolution in America: Liberty Ambition, and the Eclipse of the Common Good. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. Thesis: Larson argues that the Market Revolution that occurred in Antebellum America colored if not dictate(d) Americans reactions to a host of public issues (9). She argues that the Market Revolution grew out of the freedom and ambitions of the people, but it was neither the intended outcome of the Revolution (American) nor was it wholly welcomed by the people once they recognized its features (185). Themes: One of the driving themes of the text is innovation and competition. The newness of the united country inspired the youth of the nation to better themselves and their new nation. Everyone was competing to be the best, to have the most, and to make the newest popular thing. With this competition came new items, and new (cheaper) ways to make the items. With this innovation of the country, traveling became easier, and items became more accessible to those of all economic classes. Class is another theme of the text. Those in higher economic classes seemed to cling to the Darwinism Axioms (165) of the 19th century that encourage only survival of the fittest and other elitist ideas that supported the not-so-proper/nice things that were done in the name of innovation. There was also an elitist class bias when it came to the Native Americans. If the Native Americans did not utilize their land the way the

The Death Penalty Is Unfair And Should Be Eliminated Essay

The death penalty can be summed up entirely in one word, bias. For a country that prides itself on â€Å"justice for all† and â€Å"all men are created equal†, the death penalty falls short of such boast. The subsequent arguments are not formulated to defend the individual and their horrific crime, rather they are presented in order to support why the death penalty is unfair and should be eliminated. If such brutish punishment if seen as just for the crime committed, should it not apply equally to all, regardless of race? The debate of whether the death penalty is inappropriate has been been thoroughly investigated for many years by scholars and journalists alike. I shall defend my position against this sanction based on erroneous convictions, racial biases, and the the high costs associated with the prosecution and detention of death row inmates. According to the Texas penal code those found guilty of the following offense, â€Å"capital murder: including murder of a police officer, firefighter, prison guard, or child younger than the age of six; murder for hire; murder committed with certain other felonies; mass murder† are either sentenced to death or given a life sentence deprived of parole (Powerpoint chpt.13 slide 4). Interestingly, more than 63% of Americans agree with the death penalty, but what is more surprising is their reason which is based on the old saying â€Å"an eye for an eye† (Swift). This saying has a religious background and can be found in the Holy Bible (NewShow MoreRelated Capital Punishment Essay1685 Words   |  7 PagesCapital Punishment Works Cited Not Included Capital Punishment was basically thought of for the good of society. The objective of Capital Punishment is to stop people from committing violent and offensive acts. 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1)Name The Ways That The U.S. Judiciary Is Restricted In

1) Name the ways that the U.S. judiciary is restricted in deciding cases. How do these restrictions affect the legal environment? The judiciary system is defined by Article III in the Constitution and Section 2 describes the powers and limitations that court system has. The purpose of the judiciary is to handle interpretations of the laws created by the constitution and any disputes that arises between parties, cases may be brought to the court, the court cannot create cases. There are 3 levels in the court system, which is true for the state judiciary as well as the Federal level. The two lower levels attempt resolve issues while lessoning the burden on the supreme courts. The lowest level of court is the district court aka trial courts,†¦show more content†¦Once a judge has been appointed, their only source of input when making decisions is the laws that were created. They are not supposed to be influenced by outside forces, such as, media or politicians. Because of this there is a natural buffer from decisions being my by majority rule and instead left up to the individual judge. Since this is a che ck on a balance of power I see no issue with this method, if there is an issue that rises they judge can be removed. So, this non majority based system of power is a good compliment to the other two forms of (mostly) majority institutions, the Congress and the Executive banches. 3) The way the U.S. Supreme Court uses judicial review varies between judicial restraint and judicial activism. Discuss what both of these approaches seek to achieve in deciding legal issues. The approach of judicial restraint seeks to only act when there is a clear violation of connotational law. The idea is that the way the constitution was written represents a clearly defined law and that unless there is a compelling and glaring violation based on fact not emotion or political view, that the law need not be â€Å"reinterpreted†. When judicial activism is used the emotions and political views of the justices may have influence over their decision making and rulings. The idea is that constitutional law must be reviewed and reevaluated because each case is different and the law being challenged must beShow MoreRelatedWhy The Congress Is Responsible With The Representative Responsibility As Well As Having Legislative Functions1967 Words   |  8 PagesSurname 1 Name Course Professor’s Name Date Due Response to Question One The congress is charged with the representative responsibility as well as having legislative functions as well. However overtime, the congress has become unpopular among American citizens, which can be attributed to one major factor. The general reason why many American citizens do not seem to agree with it is based on the fact that they are of the opinion that Congress is performing its job. As at 2008 during the summer,Read MoreTherapeutic Jurisprudence And The Uniform Code Of Military Justice7095 Words   |  29 Pagessuggesting reform within the UCMJ is one article calling for TJ involving a soldier who suffered from PTSD. The soldier, unrepresented by counsel was chaptered out of the military but not before being demoted, reductions in pay, assigned extra duty and restricted to quarters. This type of punishment is standard operating procedure in the military. To those of us who have served in the military this punishment is the norm. Despite recent calls for constitutional protections in a military court of law,Read MoreTherapeutic Jurisprudence And The Uniform Code Of Military Justice7095 Words   |  29 Pagessuggesting reform within the UCMJ is one article calling for TJ involving a soldier who suffered from PTSD. The soldier, unrepresented by counsel was chaptered out of the military but not before being demoted, reductions in pay, assigned extra duty and restricted to quarters. This type of punishment is standard operating procedure in the military. To those of us who have served in the military this punishment is the norm. Despite recent calls for constitutional protections in a military court of law,Read More Analysis of The Brady Bill Essay4298 Words   |  18 Pageswhere the possession of guns is strictly restricted by laws. While watching television news reports on the Brady debate, I wondered what was making it so hard for this gun control bill to pass in this gun violence ridden country. In this paper, I will trace the bills seven year history in Congress, which I hope will reveal how partisan politics played a crucial role in the Brady bills passage in this policy making branch.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Brady bill took its name from Jim Brady, the former press secretary Read MoreGreat Inventors Changed our World3233 Words   |  13 Pages1.Eli Whitney was born in Westborough, Massachusetts in 1765. As a child he had a talent for machinery, he worked as a blacksmith, invented a nail-making machine, he then attended Yale college and graduated with a degree in engineering. Eli Whitney is an American inventor who is best known for his invention of the cotton gin as it was one of the most influential inventions during the Industrial Revolution shaping the economy of the Antebellum North and South. The invention of the Cotton gin madeRead MoreHabeas Corpus : Historical Background3278 Words   |  14 PagesArticle I of the Constitution. This clause, which has been the basis of much substantial debate, does not actually establish the right of habeas corpus. Instead, it prevents the U.S. Congress from restricting it (Binney 2004). The writ of habeas corpus was codified by statute in the United States with the passage of the Judiciary Act of 1789, which applied exclusively to individuals in the custody of the Executive Branch of the government-it did not apply those held by the states. Ultimately, habeasRead MoreComparison of the British Parliament and the American Congress7381 Words   |  30 Pageswhich have the same language, but their politics is quite different. In general A parliament is a legislature, especially in those countries whose system of government is based on the Westminster system derived from that of the United Kingdom. The name is derived from the French parlement, the action of parler (to speak) : a parlement is a talk, a discussion, hence a meeting (an assembly, a court) where people discuss matters. 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Based on some common features, the methods can be classified in the following way: a) Direct methods: †¢ surveys, †¢ tax audit. b) Indirect methods: †¢ tax statistics and national accounts difference, †¢ income-expenditure difference – a macro-approach, †¢ income-expenditure difference – a micro-approach, †¢ labour market, †¢Read MoreThesis on Print Media16077 Words   |  65 Pages.......................................... iv ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................†¦ v CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE OF RESEARCH..........................1 PURPOSE ............................................................................................................................2 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ................................................................................................

Purpose and Value of Academic Research Management

Question: Discuss about the Purpose and Value of Academic Research Management. Answer: Introduction: The relationship between organizational commitment and human resource management is critical for enhancing the performance level of the organization. Organizational commitment represents the psychology that is associated with the organization. Therefore, it creates direct impact on the factors like turnover, job performance and behavior. Therefore, the study has tried to evaluate the relationship between organizational commitment and HRM practices of the organizations situated in Turkey. Main body: As per the article by Chuang, Chen Chuang (2013) human resource practices help organizations to develop a healthy working atmosphere at the workplace. Therefore, it has great influence on the enhancement of the performance level of the organization. On the other hand, organizational commitment is an indicator that signifies whether practices of HRM able to develop the psychological links between employee and organizational goals. Therefore, it can be assessed that the link between HRM practices and organizational commitment has direct impact on the performance level of the organization (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). In this research study, the prime question is to evaluate how the relationship between HRM practices and organizational commitment can affect the performance level of the employees. However, there is no unique way to evaluate the relationship between these two factors. Therefore, the research study has tried to identify the best possible way to measure the relationship between the HRM practices and organizational commitment. The prime question that the study explored is to evaluate the way by which the relationship between organizational commitment and HRM practices can actually enhance the performance level of the organization. The research study has also focused on the evaluation of the relationship as it is regarded as an intangible asset of an organization. The research study has also tried to explore different types of intangible performance measures so that the study can able to analyze each factors in a much more effective way. The research study has also tried to highlight the significance of human resource department for maintaining its operational processes at the expected level. For the successful evaluation of the research study, Pfeffers scale of HRM practices and Mowday Steers organizational commitment scale has been utilized (Alfes et al., 2013). The research study has included 10 organizations to implement the pilot study. The research study has also utilized survey technique through the utilization of questionnaire in order to collect accurate information from the senior management of different organizations. In order to evaluate the impact of HRM practices and organizational commitment on the performance level, the study has randomly selected 250 organizations of Turkey from 4 major sectors. Total 56 questions have developed for collecting all the relevant information about the research topic. The study utilizes quantitative data collection technique. I believe that quantitative data collection technique will be able to depict clear picture regarding the significance of the relationship between HRM practices and organizational commitment. For that re ason, it has utilized Likert scale at the time of collecting relevant information about the research topic. SPSS has also been used in this study so that it can actually able to evaluate all the factors related to the study in a much more effective way (Ã…Å ¾endoÄÅ ¸du, Kocabacak Gven, 2013). I believe utilization of these techniques will be able to evaluate the collected information regarding the research topic in an effective way. Conclusion: The analysis of the study highlighted that the positive correlation between organizational commitment and HRM practices is necessary for the enhancement of the performance level. The study has described an in-depth research process through which different factors can be evaluated in an effective manner. Furthermore, the study has described an effective way of data collection that can actually add value to the research study. References: Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., Soane, E. C. (2013). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model.The international journal of human resource management,24(2), 330-351. Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Chuang, C. H., Chen, S. J., Chuang, C. W. (2013). Human resource management practices and organizational social capital: The role of industrial characteristics.Journal of Business Research,66(5), 678-687. Ã…Å ¾endoÄÅ ¸du, A. A., Kocabacak, A., Gven, Ã…Å ¾. (2013). The relationship between human resource management practices and organizational commitment: A field study.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,99, 818-827.